饲粮中添加不同来源微生态制剂替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、养分表观消化率和粪便微生物的影响  

Effects of Adding Different Sources of Microecological Preparations Instead of Antibiotics to Diets on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,and Fecal Microbiota of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：段晓燕 胡明扬 刘旭乐 荆鹍鹏 朱晓艳[1,2] 杨小进 范收武 李振田 DUAN Xiaoyan;HU Mingyang;LIU Xule;JING Kunpeng;ZHU Xiaoyan;YANG Xiaojin;FAN Shouwu;LI Zhentian(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Forage Resources in Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Luoyang Ouke Baike Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471600,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物科技学院,郑州450002 [2]河南省饲草资源创新与利用重点实验室,郑州450002 [3]洛阳欧科拜克生物技术股份有限公司,洛阳471600

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第10期6279-6292,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：河南省重大科技攻关项目——畜禽胃肠道和生殖道健康与营养调控技术(2022YFD1300400);畜禽新品种培育与现代牧场科技创新(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：为研究饲粮中添加不同来源微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫及抗氧化功能、养分表观消化率和粪便微生物的影响,本试验采用单因子试验设计,选择健康的“杜×长×大”三元杂交断奶仔猪156头,随机分为4组(每组3个重复,每个重复13头猪),分别为抗生素组(基础饲粮+0.15 g/kg金霉素,AN组)、低浓度地衣芽孢杆菌制剂组(基础饲粮+0.5 g/kg地衣芽孢杆菌制剂,LBL组)、高浓度地衣芽孢杆菌制剂组(基础饲粮+1.0 g/kg地衣芽孢杆菌制剂,HBL组)、粪肠球菌制剂组(基础饲粮+0.5 g/kg粪肠球菌制剂,EF组)。试验期28 d。结果表明:1)与AN组相比,HBL组和EF组末重显著升高(P<0.05),HBL、EF组的平均日增重(ADG)显著增加(P<0.05),LBL组料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05);与LBL组相比,EF组平均日采食量(ADFI)显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与AN组相比,LBL组和EF组血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、LBL组血清白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、LBL组血清白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、EF组血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和各试验组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量均显著升高(P<0.05),EF组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05),LBL组血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著升高(P<0.05)。3)与AN组相比,HBL组的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与AN组相比,LBL组和HBL组厚壁菌门的相对丰度下调,而EF组厚壁菌门的相对丰度上调;各试验组的放线菌门相对丰度均上调,LBL组拟杆菌门的相对丰度上调。综上所述,饲粮中添加微生态制剂可以改善断奶仔猪生长性能,提高免疫力和抗氧化能力,改善粪便微生物组成,其中添加粪肠球菌制剂试验效果优于地衣芽孢杆菌制剂。To investigate the effects of dietary microecological preparations from different sources on growth performance,serum immunity,antioxidant function,nutrient apparent digestibility and fecal microbiota of weaned piglets,156 healthy“Duroc×Landrace×Large”weaned piglets were randomly divided into 4 groups(3 replicates per group and 13 pigs per replicate)using a single factor design.They were divided into antibiotic group(basal diet+0.15 g/kg aureomycin,AN group),low-concentration Bacillus licheniformis group(basal diet+0.5 g/kg Bacillus licheniformis,LBL group),high-concentration Bacillus licheniformis group(basal diet+1.0 g/kg Bacillus licheniformis,HBL group),and Enterococcus faecalis group(basal diet+0.5 g/kg En-terococcus faecalis,EF group).The experiment lasted for 28 days.The results showed as follows:The results showed as follows:1)compared with the AN group,the final weight and average daily weight gain(ADG)of the HBL and EF groups significantly increased(P<0.05),while the feed to gain ratio(F/G)of the LBL group significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with the LBL group,the EF group showed a significant in-crease in average daily feed intake(ADFI)(P<0.05).2)Compared with the AN group,the contents of ser-um immunoglobulin A(IgA),interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-6(IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the LBL group and EF group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content and catalase(CAT)activity in the EF group were significantly de-creased(P<0.05)and increased(P<0.05),respectively.3)Compared with the AN group,the apparent di-gestibility of crude protein in the HBL group was significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with the AN group,the LBL and HBL groups downregulated the relative abundance of Firmicutes,while the EF group up-regulated the relative abundance of Firmicutes;the relative abundance of Actinobacteria was upregulated in all experimental groups,and the LBI group upregulated the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes.In conclusion,a

关 键 词：微生态制剂 断奶仔猪 生长性能 血清生化指标 粪便微生物 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]