饲粮中添加不同水平大蒜皮对福清山羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和微生物结构的影响  

Effects of Dietary Supplemented with Different Levels of Garlic Skin on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Microbial Structure of Fuqing Goats

作　　者：徐倩[1,2] 吴贤锋 刘远 李文杨[1,2] XU Qian;WU Xianfeng;LIU Yuan;LI Wenyang(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science,Fuzhou 350013,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding,Fuzhou 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,福州350013 [2]福建省畜禽遗传育种重点实验室,福州350013

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第10期6479-6493,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2020R10260014,2022R10260015);福建省人民政府-中国农业科学院农业高质量发展超越“5511”协同创新工程(XTCXGC2021008);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队(CXTD2021006-2);福建省农业科学院引导性科技创新项目(YDXM202207)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平大蒜皮对福清山羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和微生物结构的影响。选取健康9月龄福清山羊公羊60只,随机分成4组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只羊。各组分别饲喂以0(对照组)、8%(试验Ⅰ组)、16%(试验Ⅱ组)和24%(试验Ⅲ组)大蒜皮替代饲粮中花生秧的试验饲粮。预试期10 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:1)试验Ⅲ组的(GE)表观消化率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01)。2)试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的瘤胃氨态氮含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),瘤胃丙酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),瘤胃乙酸/丙酸极显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.01)。3)试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的瘤胃微生物Ace指数、Chao1指数和PD_whole_tree指数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组的瘤胃微生物Shannon指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在门水平上,试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃厚壁菌门相对丰度显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),瘤胃拟杆菌门相对丰度显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃普雷沃氏菌属相对丰度显著低于试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃毛螺菌科XPB1014群、NK4A214群和克里斯滕森菌科R_7群相对丰度显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组的瘤胃理研菌科RC9肠道群相对丰度显著高于对照组和试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。4)菌属相对丰度与NDF(P=0.034,r=0.250)和ADF(P=0.040,r=0.225)表观消化率显著正相关,Shannon指数与NDF(P=0.003,r=0.487)和ADF(P=0.01,r=0.347)表观消化率极显著正相关,Simpson指数与NDF(P=0.001,r=0.582)和ADF(P=0.001,r=0.582)表观消化率极显著正相关。奎氏菌属相对丰度与NDF、GE和粗蛋白质(CP)表观消化率显著负相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加大蒜皮可提升瘤胃微生物相对丰度及多样性,并通过对特定菌群�The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary supplemented with different lev-els of garlic skin on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,rumen fermentation parameters and microbial structure of Fuqing goats.A total of 60 healthy 9-month-old Fuqing male goats were randomly divid-ed into 4 groups with 15 replicates in each group and 1 goat in each replicate.Goats in 4 groups were fed ex-perimental diets which using 0(control group),8%(experiment groupⅠ),16%(experiment groupⅡ)and 24%(experiment groupⅢ)garlic skin replace peanut seedlings in diets,respectively.The pre-experimen-tal period lasted for 10 days,and the experimental period lasted for 90 days.The results showed as follows:1)the gross energy(GE)apparent digestibility of experiment groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05),the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)apparent digestibility was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the acid detergent fiber(ADF)apparent digestibility was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.01).2)The rumen ammonia nitrogen content of experiment groupsⅡandⅢwas significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),the rumen propionate content was significant-ly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the rumen acetate/propionate was significantly lower than that of control group and experiment groupⅠ(P<0.01).3)The rumen microbial Ace index,Chao1 in-dex and PD_whole_tree index of experiment groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the Shannon index of experiment groupsⅠandⅡwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).At the phylum level,the rumen Firmicutes relative abundance of experi-ment groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05),and the Bacteroidetes relative a-bundance was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05).At the genus level,the rumen Prevotella relative abundance of experiment groupⅢwas signific

关 键 词：大蒜皮 福清山羊 营养物质表观消化率 瘤胃微生物 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]