甘露寡糖调控体外瘤胃发酵和菌群结构的作用研究  

Study on Roles of Mannan Oligosaccharides in Regulating Rumen Fermentation and Microbiota Structure in Vitro

作　　者：常帅飞 郭芸芳 程雨辰 任文义 李海波[1] 何金童 康燕 刘小女 孔晓丽 张力莉[1] 徐晓锋[1] CHANG Shuaifei;GUO Yunfang;CHENG Yuchen;REN Wenyi;LI Haibo;HE Jintong;KANG Yan;LIU Xiaonv;KONG Xiaoli;ZHANG Lili;XU Xiaofeng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学动物科技学院,银川750021

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第10期6588-6598,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金(2023AAC03093);国家自然科学基金(32160769)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究甘露寡糖调控体外瘤胃发酵和菌群结构的作用。采用完全随机设计,共设置4个组,对照组(CON组)在发酵液中不添加甘露寡糖,试验组分别在发酵液中添加0.5%(低剂量组,LMO组)、1.0%(中剂量组,MMO组)和3.0%(高剂量组,HMO组)甘露寡糖,每组设置6个重复。试验以苜蓿干草为发酵底物,开展24 h体外瘤胃发酵试验,研究甘露寡糖对产气参数、发酵参数和菌群结构的调控作用。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,MMO组24 h累积产气量、理论最大产气量和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度均显著提高(P<0.05);HMO组24 h累积产气量、产气速率和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度均显著提高(P<0.05),氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度显著降低(P<0.05)。各组间乙酸和丙酸摩尔比以及乙酸/丙酸值均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与CON组相比,HMO组厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),普雷沃氏菌属1(Prevotella_1)(P=0.065)和克里斯藤森菌科R-7群(Christensenellaceae_R-7_group)(P=0.075)相对丰度有提高趋势。3)体外瘤胃发酵参数与菌群相关性分析结果表明,厚壁菌门相对丰度与乙酸、丙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度呈显著正相关(P<0.05);瘤胃球菌属相对丰度与24 h累积产气量、产气速率以及乙酸、丙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度均呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与NH3-N浓度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。综上所述,甘露寡糖对体外瘤胃发酵有积极影响,能够通过调控瘤胃菌群结构,提高瘤胃球菌属相对丰度和氮利用能力,增加总挥发性脂肪酸产量,但不改变发酵模式。The aim of this experiment was to investigate the roles of mannan oligosaccharides in regulating ru-men fermentation and microbiota structure in vitro.The trial was conducted in a completely randomized design and divided into four groups,with 0,0.5%,1.5%and 3.0%mannan oligosaccharides added into the fermen-tation broth in the control group(CON group),the low-dose group(LMO group),the medium-dose group(MMO group)and the high-dose group(HMO group),respectively,and 6 replicates were set in each group.The experiment was carried out using alfalfa hay as fermentation substrate,and in vitro rumen fermentation test was carried out to study the regulatory effects of mannan oligosaccharides on gas production parameters,fer-mentation parameters and microbiota structure.The results showed as follows:1)compared with CON group,the 24 h cumulative gas production,theoretical maximum gas production and total volatile fatty acid concentra-tion in MMO group were significantly increased(P<0.05);the 24 h cumulative gas production,gas genera-tion rate and total volatile fatty acid concentration in HMO group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the ammoniacal nitrogen(NH_(3)-N)concentration was significantly decreased(P<0.05).There were no signif-icant differences in the molar ratios of acetic acid and propionic acid as well as the acetic acid to propionic acid ratio among all groups(P>0.05).2)Compared with CON group,the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Ruminococcus in HMO group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the relative abundances of Prevotella_1(P=0.065)and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group(P=0.075)tended to be increased.3)The re-sults of correlation analysis between rumen fermentation parameters and microbiota in vitro showed that the Fir-micutes relative abundance was significantly positively correlated with the concentrations of acetic acid,propi-onic acid and total volatile fatty acid(P<0.05);the Ruminococcus relative abundance was significantly posi-tively correlated with 24 h cumulative gas production,gas genera

关 键 词：甘露寡糖 苜蓿 体外发酵 瘤胃球菌属 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]