黄河下游花园口以上河道滞沙指标研究  

Research on Sediment Detention Indices in the Reach Upstream of Huayuankou of the Lower Yellow River

作　　者：申冠卿[1] 王平[1] 王佳 张原锋[1] 张广明 SHEN Guanqing;WANG Ping;WANG Jia;ZHANG Yuanfeng;ZHANG Guangming(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Gongyi Yellow River Bureau,Gongyi 451200,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [2]巩义黄河河务局,河南巩义451200

出　　处：《人民黄河》2024年第11期43-48,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金黄河水科学研究联合基金资助项目(U2243218);河南省重大科技专项(231100320100)。

摘　　要：水沙搭配关系是影响黄河下游河道冲淤调整的重要因素,局部河段滞沙则是改善下游水沙关系的有效手段之一。小浪底水库运用后,河槽沿程冲刷不均衡,河床粗化,细沙补给不足,输沙效率明显降低。分析黄河下游河道冲淤特性及水沙演进规律,建立不同类型洪水滞沙河段(花园口以上河段)与排洪瓶颈河段(高村—艾山河段)的冲淤关系。基于滞沙对河道行洪和稳定性的影响,以排洪瓶颈河段不淤积为约束,提出洪水滞沙的水沙优化配置指标。中泥沙洪水滞沙指标为:洪水平均流量为1800~3700 m^(3)/s,平均含沙量为66~235 kg/m^(3)。The relationship between water and sediment is an important factor affecting erosion and deposition in the Lower Yellow River(LYR).Sediment detention in local reaches is an effective approach to improve the water-sediment relationship in the LYR.Since the opera-tion of Xiaolangdi Reservoir(XLD),the river channel has been scouring unevenly along its course.The bed material has coarsened and sedi-ment transport rate has decreased greatly with insufficient fine sediment supply to the flow.The characteristics of erosion-deposition and water-sediment propagation were analyzed.The correspondence of erosion-deposition in the bottleneck reach for flood discharge and that in the sedi-ment detention reach upstream of Huayuankou(HYK)was then established.Based on the impacts of sediment detention on flood discharge and channel stability,optimized indices of flow and sediment for sediment detention of floods were proposed,with the constraint condition of no deposition in the bottleneck reach.The average discharge and sediment concentration of floods are 1800-3700 m^(3)/s and 66-235 kg/m^(3) respectively.

关 键 词：滞沙指标 滞沙河段 排洪瓶颈河段 水沙调控 黄河下游 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV882.1