浓溶液与界面环境下水辐解自由基超快动力学反应研究  

Ultrafast Kinetics Studies of Free Radical from Water Radiolysis in Concentrated Solutions and Interfacial Environments

作　　者：姜志文 马骏 JIANG Zhi-wen;MA Jun(School of Nuclear Science and Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学核科学技术学院,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《分析测试学报》2024年第10期1559-1573,共15页Journal of Instrumental Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11975122)。

摘　　要：水被电离辐射(光子、快速电子、X射线、重离子等)作用分解产生羟基自由基、水合电子、氢自由基等活性自由基,它们活性高、寿命短,在核工业、新能源开发和放射医学领域扮演着重要角色,但原位实时研究水辐解自由基的反应动力学是一项挑战性工作。脉冲辐解技术是一种研究瞬态反应中间体及其基元反应动力学的实验技术,通过超快高能辐射引发自由基生成,并能够实时可控解析瞬态中间体的化学结构及其反应动力学。该文综述了近年来均相和界面水体系内自由基脉冲辐解的研究进展,并对脉冲辐解技术的发展进行了总结和展望。The decomposition of water by ionizing radiation(photons,fast electrons,X-rays,heavy ions,etc.)produces reactive radicals,such as hydroxyl radicals,hydrated electron,hydrogen rad⁃icals.These radicals are highly reactive and short-lived,and play crucial roles in the nuclear indus⁃try,new energy development,and radiation medicine.However,the time-resolved study of the re⁃action kinetics of radicals during water radiolysis is a challenging task.Pulse radiolysis is an experi⁃mental technique used to study the kinetics of transient reaction intermediates and their radical reac⁃tions.This technique triggers radical generation through ultrafast high-energy radiation and provides real-time,controllable resolution of the chemical structure of transient intermediates and their reac⁃tion kinetics.In this article,we review recent progress in the study of free radical in homogeneous and interfacial aqueous systems by pulse radiolysis,and we summarize and anticipate future develop⁃ments in pulse radiolysis technique.

关 键 词：辐射化学 自由基化学 脉冲辐解 瞬态光谱 

分 类 号：O544.2[理学—物理] O643.1