碳酸钡与硝酸铵制取硝酸钡反应条件的研究  

Study on Reaction Conditions of Barium Nitrate from Barium Carbonate and Ammonium Nitrate

作　　者：张桂丹 邰思雨 周骏宏 ZHANG Guidan;TAI Siyu;ZHOU Junhong(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities,Duyun 558000,China)

机构地区：[1]黔南民族师范学院化学化工学院,贵州都匀558000

出　　处：《山东化工》2024年第19期60-63,共4页Shandong Chemical Industry

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科中引地[2022]4019);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]一般030);贵州省教育厅服务“四新”“四化”科技攻关项目(黔教技[2022]007);贵州省“磷-硫-钛”资源综合利用工程研究中心项目(黔教技[2023]046);贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2021]49-2号);黔南州科技计划项目(黔南科合[2023]07号);黔南师院磷煤化工产学研实训一体化创新平台(2022xjg023)。

摘　　要：针对现有工业制取硝酸钡原料价格贵、副产品回收价值不高以及存在严重的环境污染问题,本文提出了一种以重晶石湿法转化为碳酸钡后,免煅烧、无强酸的制取硝酸钡新方法,即碳酸钡和硝酸铵直接反应一步法合成硝酸钡的方法,实验探究了该分解反应发生的条件及加热温度、硝酸铵的浓度、加热时长、通入的空气量等反应条件对生成硝酸钡的影响。结果表明在加热沸腾条件下(98℃)反应的转化率由原来的4.66%升高到25.90%,硝酸铵质量分数达到25%后,反应转化率由25.90%提高到76.68%。In view of the serious environmental pollution caused by expensive raw materials and low by-product recovery value in the existing industrial production of barium nitrate,this paper proposes a new method of barium nitrate production without calcination and strong acid after wet conversion of barite into barium carbonate,that is,barium carbonate and ammonium nitrate directly react in one step to synthesize barium nitrate.The conditions of decomposition reaction and the effects of heating temperature,concentration of ammonium nitrate,heating time and amount of air on the formation of barium nitrate were investigated.The results show that the reaction is best under the condition of heating and boiling(98℃),the conversion rate of the reaction increases from 4.66%to 25.90%,and the conversion rate of the reaction increases from 25.90%to 76.68%when the mass percentage concentration reaches 25%.

关 键 词：碳酸钡 硝酸铵 硝酸钡 一步法 

分 类 号：TQ132.35[化学工程—无机化工]