喷施海藻提取物螯合硒肥对水稻富硒及产量、品质的影响  

The Effect of Spraying Seaweed Extract Chelated Selenium Fertilizers on Selenium Enrichment,Yield,and Quality of Rice

作　　者：常云 艾新帅 袁乐斌 卢波斯 沈宏[2] CHANG Yun;AI Xinshuai;YUAN Lebin;LU Bosi;SHEN Hong(Hubei Ezhong Ecological Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Jingmen,Hubei 448000,China;College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北鄂中生态工程股份有限公司,湖北荆门448000 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《肥料与健康》2024年第5期27-32,共6页Fertilizer & Health

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2021A1515012113);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD200405-5)。

摘　　要：以华南地区主栽水稻品种为材料,以喷施等量清水为对照(CK)处理,研究了叶面喷施以海藻提取物和亚硒酸钠为原料制备的海藻提取物螯合硒肥对水稻硒含量及产量、品质的影响。结果表明:在水稻抽穗期和灌浆期喷施海藻提取物螯合硒肥各1次,与CK处理相比,水稻产量提高2.4%~6.8%,糙米硒质量分数(156.4~291.2μg/kg)达到国家标准《富硒稻谷》(GB/T 22499—2008)的要求,稻米垩白度下降7.1%~23.8%,含100 g/L海藻提取物、10 g/L亚硒酸钠螯合硒肥的喷施效果较理想;与单施亚硒酸钠相比,海藻提取物螯合硒肥显著降低了在水稻叶片上的接触角和表面张力,叶片载液量增加40.5%~47.2%%,叶片硒含量提高14.6%~26.0%,硒转运系数增加8.3%~16.2%;糙米中有机硒含量比亚硒酸钠处理的提高4.8%~5.6%。海藻提取物螯合硒肥不仅对水稻具有较好的富硒效果,而且可以提高水稻的产量和品质。Using the main rice variety planted in southern China as the material,the effect of foliar spraying of seaweed extract chelated selenium fertilizers prepared from seaweed extracts and sodium selenite as raw materials on the selenium content,yield,and quality of rice is studied with spraying equal amount of water as the control(CK)treatment.The results show that spraying seaweed extract chelated selenium fertilizers once each during the heading and filling stages of rice increased rice yield by 2.4%to 6.8%compared to CK treatment.The selenium content in brown rice(156.4 to 291.2μg/kg)meet the requirements of the national standard"Rich Selenium Paddy"(GB/T 22499—2008),and the chalkiness of rice decreased by 7.1%to 23.8%.The spraying effect of chelaled selenium fertilizer which contains 100 g/L seaweed extracts and 10 g/L sodium selenite is more ideal.Compared with the application of sodium selenite alone,the seaweed chelated selenium fertilizers significantly reduced the contact angle and surface tension on rice leaves,increased leaf liquid loading by 40.5%to 47.2%,increased leaf selenium content by 14.6%to 26.0%,and increased selenium transport coefficient by 8.3%to 16.2%.The organic selenium content in brown rice increased by 4.8%to 5.6%compared to sodium selenite treatment.Seaweed extract chelated selenium fertilizers have a good selenium enrichment effect on rice,as well as improving the yield and quality of rice.

关 键 词：硒肥 海藻提取物 转运系数 水稻 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S143.71[农业科学—肥料学] TQ445.9[农业科学—农业基础科学]