控释复合肥料的养分释放特性及其对不同花卉生长的影响  

Nutrient Release Characteristics of Controlled-Release Compound Fertilizers and Their Effects on the Growth of Different Flowers

作　　者：伍志波 卢美燕 梁嘉敏 WU Zhibo;LU Meiyan;LIANG Jiamin(Guangdong Weisheng LESSO Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jiangmen,Guangdong 529000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东维生联塑科技股份有限公司,广东江门529000

出　　处：《肥料与健康》2024年第5期33-37,共5页Fertilizer & Health

摘　　要：为探讨包膜质量分数分别为3%、4%、5%、6%的聚氨酯包膜控释复合肥料的养分释放特性和对花卉生长的影响,以市售的控释复合肥料为对照(CK)处理,开展了养分释放特征试验和以鸡冠花、鼠尾草为试验对象的盆栽试验及淋溶试验。结果表明:随着包膜量的增加,聚氨酯包膜控释复合肥料的养分释放率减小,有效延长了肥料的养分释放期;与CK处理相比,包膜量为4%、5%的聚氨酯包膜控释复合肥料分别显著提高了鸡冠花和鼠尾草的植株鲜质量;CK处理的淋溶液电导率(EC值)随时间延长不断减小,而聚氨酯包膜控释复合肥料淋溶液的EC值呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,可有效延缓土壤养分的流失。包膜量为4%~5%的聚氨酯包膜控释复合肥料可促进供试花卉的生长,有效提高肥料利用率,减轻对环境的污染。To investigate the nutrient release characteristics and effects on flower growth of polyurethane coated controlled-release compound fertilizers with coated mass fractions of 3%,4%,5%,and 6%,a nutrient release characteristic experiment and a pot experiment and leaching experiment are conducted using commercially available controlled-release compound fertilizer as control(CK)treatment,with Celosia cristata L.and Salvia japonica Thunb.as experimental subjects.The results show that with the increase of coated quantity,the nutrient release rate of polyurethane coated controlled-release compound fertilizer decreased,effectively prolonging the nutrient release period of the fertilizer.Compared with CK treatment,polyurethane coated controlled-release compound fertilizers with coated quantity of 4%and 5%significantly improved the plants fresh weight of Celosia cristata L.and Salvia japonica Thunb.,respectively.The conductivity(EC value)of the leaching solution treated with CK decreases continuously with time,while the EC value of the polyurethane coated controlled-release compound fertilizer leaching solution shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,which can effectively delay the loss of soil nutrients.Polyurethane coated controlled-release compound fertilizers with coated quantity of 4%to 5%can promote the growth of the tested flowers,effectively improve fertilizer utilization,and reduce environmental pollution.

关 键 词：控释复合肥料 包膜量 养分释放率 淋溶试验 花卉生长 

分 类 号：S145.6[农业科学—肥料学] TQ449.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]