红松愈伤组织增殖阶段生长与蔗糖代谢的关系  

The Relationship Between Growth of Callus Proliferation Stage and Sucrose Metabolism in Pinus koraiensis

作　　者：张建瑛 殷东生 王雨童 姜松 田新华 王丽娜[2] Zhang Jianying;Yin Dongsheng;Wang Yutong;Jiang Song;Tian Xinhua;Wang Lina(Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry,Harbin 150081,P.R.China;Northeast Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省林业科学研究所,哈尔滨150081 [2]东北林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2024年第11期24-30,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2021C081);黑龙江省属科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(YB2022-05、YB2022-02、YB2024-07)。

摘　　要：针对增殖培养中不同类型的红松(Pinus koraiensis)愈伤组织,采用形态学观察、生长曲线绘制、糖代谢的测定,对具有成胚能力差异的两类愈伤组织(胚性愈伤组织、非胚性愈伤组织)进行比较。结果表明:形态学上,胚性愈伤组织半透明,浅白或白色,结构疏松,表面有大量半透明突起,湿润有黏性,可稳定继代增殖培养;非胚性愈伤组织表面致密,白色逐渐转变成黄褐色。在体视显微镜下观察,胚性愈伤组织由许多胚细胞和单个胚柄细胞组成;而非胚性愈伤组织由核质浓密的圆形细胞单一或聚集组成。增殖培养过程中,红松胚性愈伤组织与非胚性愈伤组织的细胞生长曲线基本呈“S”形,胚性愈伤组织、非胚性愈伤组织生长率在15、20 d时开始下降;胚性愈伤组织与非胚性愈伤组织中可溶性糖(果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖)质量分数差异极显著,蔗糖质量分数基本维持不变,葡萄糖和果糖质量分数变化明显,呈现先升高再降低的走向;参与蔗糖合成的蔗糖磷酸合酶活性变化与两种转化酶活性变化规律相似,而蔗糖合成酶活性基本维持不变;增殖阶段,胚性愈伤组织的可溶性糖质量分数、蔗糖代谢酶活性始终高于非胚性愈伤组织。In this study,we compared two types of callus tissue from Pinus koraiensis(embryogenic and non-embryogenic)under proliferation culture,using morphological observations,growth curve analysis,and measurements of glucose metabolism.The results showed that morphologically,embryogenic callus appeared translucent,light white or white,with a loose structure and numerous translucent protrusions on the surface.It was moist and sticky,capable of stable subculture proliferation.In contrast,non-embryogenic callus was dense on the surface,transitioning from white to yellow-brown.Under a stereomicroscope,embryogenic callus was composed of numerous embryogenic cells and individual embryonal cells,while non-embryogenic callus is composed of single or aggregated round cells with dense nucleoplasm.During the proliferation culture process,the cell growth curves of embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus were both characterized by an“S”shape,with growth rates starting to decline at 15 and 20 days for both types.Notably,there were significant differences in the mass fraction of soluble sugars(fructose,glucose,and sucrose)between embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus,with sucrose remaining relatively constant while the mass fractions of glucose and fructose showed a notable pattern of first increasing and then decreasing.The activity changes of sucrose phosphate synthase involved in sucrose synthesis followed a similar trend to both types of conversion enzyme activities,whereas the activity of sucrose synthase remained largely unchanged.Throughout the proliferation stage,the mass fraction of soluble sugars and the activity of sucrose metabolic enzymes in embryogenic callus remained consistently higher than those in non-embryogenic callus.

关 键 词：红松 胚性愈伤组织 蔗糖代谢 增殖培养 

分 类 号：S722[农业科学—林木遗传育种] Q813[农业科学—林学]