5种藁本属近缘药用植物花粉的形态特征  

The Pollen Morphological Characteristics from Five Closely Related Medicinal Plants of the Genus Ligusticum

作　　者：徐皖菁 张超[2] 吴宇 陶珊 毛常清 钟明志 徐正君[1] 彭芳 Xu Wanjing;Zhang Chao;Wu Yu;Tao Shan;Mao Changqing;Zhong Mingzhi;Xu Zhengjun;Peng Fang(Rice Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,P.R.China;Institute of Cash Crop,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学水稻研究所,成都611130 [2]四川省农业科学院经济作物研究所

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2024年第11期56-63,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：四川省育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0012);四川省财政自主创新专项(2022ZZCX076)。

摘　　要：为了探究5种藁本属近缘药用植物(川芎、西芎、辽藁本、藁本、丽江藁本)花粉的亲缘关系,利用扫描电子显微镜对5种藁本属近缘种花粉的形态大小、表面纹饰等进行观测,并统计其形态学参数。同时,对5种藁本属近缘药用植物的花粉性状进行相关性分析、主成分分析、系统聚类分析。结果表明:5种藁本属花粉的形状相似,均为超长球形,有3个萌发孔沟,而5种藁本属花粉在极面观、赤道面观、外壁纹饰、萌发孔沟的形态上均存在差异。5种藁本属花粉的极轴长为26.34~41.20μm、赤道轴长为10.40~15.83μm、极赤比为2.36~2.76、外壁弧形宽度为5.36~9.24μm、外壁弧形高度为3.31~4.47μm、极面弧形弯曲率为0.47~0.61、极面直径为8.22~14.13μm、赤道面直径为18.52~28.51μm,其中川芎花粉极面弧形弯曲率指标为中度变异。在比较花粉形态时发现,川芎、西芎畸形比例较高,多数花粉出现明显皱缩、扭曲。由主成分分析可知,影响藁本属近缘种花粉分类的主要形态指标为赤道轴长、极赤比、极面弧形弯曲率;对5种藁本属花粉进行聚类分析发现,当欧氏距离为20时,共分为两种类群,其中川芎与辽藁本更接近,西芎与藁本更接近。To investigate the phylogenetic relationships of pollen from five closely related medicinal plants of the genus Ligusticum(L.sinense‘Chuanxiong’,L.sinense‘Xixiong’,L.jeholense,L.sinense,and L.delavayi),scanning electron microscopy was employed to observe the morphological size,surface ornamentation,and other characteristics of the pollen.Morphological parameters were statistically analyzed.Additionally,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis of the pollen traits of the five closely related medicinal plants of Ligusticum species were conducted.The results showed that the pollen of the five Ligusticum species displayed similar shapes,being ultra-long spheroidal with three germination apertures.However,differences were observed in the polar view,equatorial view,exine ornamentation,and the morphology of germination apertures among the species.The polar axis length of the five Ligusticum pollen ranged from 26.34 to 41.20μm,the equatorial axis length from 10.40 to 15.83μm,the polar-equatorial ratio from 2.36 to 2.76,the width of the outer wall arc from 5.36 to 9.24μm,the height of the outer wall arc from 3.31 to 4.47μm,the polar surface arc curvature ratio from 0.47 to 0.61,the polar diameter from 8.22 to 14.13μm,and the equatorial diameter from 18.52 to 28.51μm.Notably,the curvature ratio of the polar arc of L.sinense‘Chuanxiong’showed moderate variation.During the comparison of pollen morphology,it was found that L.sinense‘Chuanxiong’and L.sinense‘Xixiong’exhibited a higher proportion of deformities,with most pollen showing significant shrinkage and distortion.From the principal component analysis,it was determined that the primary morphological indicators affecting the classification of pollen among closely related Ligusticum species were equatorial axis length,polar-equatorial ratio,and polar arc curvature ratio.Cluster analysis of the five Ligusticum pollen revealed two distinct groups when the Euclidean distance was set at 20,with L.sinense‘Chuanxiong’b

关 键 词：藁本属 花粉形态 孢粉学 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]