中性盐、碱性盐及复合盐碱胁迫对华中冬青幼苗生长和生理特性的影响  

The Effects of Neutral Salts,Alkaline Salts,and Combined Salt-Alkali Stress on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Ilex centrochinensis Seedlings

作　　者：胡莹冰 何金松 金晓玲[2] 闫文德[2] 黄国林[3] 肖远志[3] 李卫东[3] Hu Yingbing;He Jinsong;Jin Xiaoling;Yan Wende;Huang Guolin;Xiao Yuanzhi;Li Weidong(Zhejiang Guangsha Vocational and Technical University of Construction,Dongyang 322100,P.R.China;Central South University of Forestry and Technology;Hunan Horticultural Research Institute)

机构地区：[1]浙江广厦建设职业技术大学,东阳322100 [2]中南林业科技大学 [3]湖南省园艺研究所

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2024年第12期32-39,66,共9页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100400);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2021NK2008,2022NK2062);2024年省级林业生态保护修复及发展资金项目(湘财资环指[2024]3号)。

摘　　要：以华中冬青(Ilex centrochinensis)幼苗为研究对象,设置3种胁迫类型(NaCl、Na_(2)CO_(3)、混合盐)和4个质量浓度梯度(CK、3、6、9 g·L^(-1)),以模拟中性盐(NaCl)、碱性盐(Na_(2)CO_(3))、混合盐(m(NaCl)∶m(Na_(2)CO_(3))=1∶1)对华中冬青幼苗的胁迫。通过形态观测、苗高及死亡率统计、叶片生理指标测定,并结合主成分分析,探究华中冬青对不同盐胁迫类型的耐受力。结果表明:3种胁迫中,对华中冬青盐害指数和株高生长抑制最大的是NaCl胁迫,Na_(2)CO_(3)次之,混合盐胁迫的最轻。华中冬青相对电导率和丙二醛质量摩尔浓度均随胁迫天数的延长和质量浓度的增大呈持续上升趋势。相对电导率增加幅度最大的是混合盐胁迫,NaCl次之。丙二醛质量摩尔浓度则以Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫最大,混合盐次之。随着盐胁迫质量浓度的增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性均表现为先上升后下降的趋势。其中,SOD活性峰值出现最早的是混合盐胁迫,POD活性峰值出现最早的是Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫。可溶性蛋白质量分数随着盐胁迫质量浓度的增加均表现为先上升后下降的趋势,而叶片叶绿素相对含量则呈逐渐下降的趋势。叶片盐害指数、相对电导率、丙二醛质量摩尔浓度、叶绿素相对含量可作为抗盐碱性评价的主要指标。华中冬青对混合盐胁迫的耐受力最强,Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫次之,NaCl胁迫最差。Using Ilex centrochinensis seedlings as the research subject,three types of stress(NaCl,Na_(2)CO_(3),and mixed salts)and four concentration gradients(CK,3,6,and 9 g·L^(-1))were set up to simulate the effects of neutral salt(NaCl),alkaline salt(Na_(2)CO_(3)),and mixed salt(mass ratio of NaCl∶Na_(2)CO_(3)=1∶1)on I.centrochinensis seedlings.Through morphological observations,statistics on seedling height and mortality rates,and the measurement of leaf physiological indices,combined with principal component analysis,this study explored the tolerance of I.centrochinensis to different types of salt stress.The results showed that among the three stress types,NaCl stress had the greatest suppressive effect on the salt damage index and height growth of I.centrochinensis,followed by Na_(2)CO_(3),with mixed salt stress having the least impact.The relative conductivity and malondialdehyde(MDA)molar concentration of I.centrochinensis increased continuously with both the duration of stress and the concentration levels of salts.The largest increase in relative conductivity was observed under mixed salt stress,followed by NaCl.MDA molar concentration was highest under Na_(2)CO_(3) stress,with mixed salt stress coming next.As the concentration of salt stress increased,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)initially increased and then decreased.The peak activity of SOD appeared earliest under mixed salt stress,while the peak activity of POD was observed earliest under Na_(2)CO_(3) stress.The soluble protein mass fraction increased and then decreased with rising salt stress concentration,whereas the relative chlorophyll content gradually declined.The leaf salt damage index,relative conductivity,MDA molar concentration,and relative chlorophyll content can serve as primary indicators for evaluating salt and alkalinity resistance.I.centrochinensis exhibited the strongest tolerance to mixed salt stress,followed by Na_(2)CO_(3) stress,with NaCl stress showing the least resilience.

关 键 词：华中冬青 盐害指数 相对电导率 丙二醛 叶绿素 

分 类 号：S686[农业科学—观赏园艺]