不同年龄毛竹实生苗的生物量分配及叶片结构差异  

Biomass Distribution and Leaf Structure Differences of Phyllostachys edulis Seedlings at Different Ages

作　　者：吕卓 孔淑鑫 沈鹏 林树燕[1] Lyu Zhuo;Kong Shuxin;Shen Peng;Lin Shuyan(Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学,南京210037

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2024年第12期67-76,共10页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2200503);国家自然科学基金项目(32371977);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：2023年3月份,在南京林业大学北大山实验室,以毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)1~4年生的实生苗为试验材料(每个年龄段实生苗15株);测定各个年龄段毛竹的生长指标、叶片大小变化、各个构件生物量,采用石蜡切片法对叶片解剖结构进行显微结构观察,应用徕卡显微镜软件(LAS X)测定叶片厚度、叶肉厚度、维管束面积等各项指标,应用SPSS(PAS-W Statistics18)对测量数据进行单因素方差分析;探索不同年龄毛竹实生苗的发育规律、不同年龄段各个构件生物量的分配以及生长发育过程中叶片结构差异。结果表明:随着毛竹实生苗年龄的增长,毛竹实生苗的高度逐渐增加,节间数、叶片数、单叶面积、总叶面积均逐渐增加,侧枝叶面积呈先增加后减少的趋势,侧枝中上部叶片面积最大。毛竹实生苗的生物量,在幼苗早期主要分布在叶片中,随着年龄的增长逐渐从地上部分平均分配到各个构件。不同年龄,叶片大小差异较大,叶片解剖结构相似;各年龄段毛竹叶片细胞结构无明显规律,上表皮较下表皮厚,下表皮具有乳突膨大现象,梭形细胞发达,指状臂细胞厚度小于梅花状细胞。毛竹实生苗的生长过程中,经历了“丛生—混生—散生”3个过渡阶段;随着实生苗年龄的增长,毛竹实生苗的生长模式逐渐接近自然毛竹林、叶片内部结构逐渐接近自然毛竹林叶片;细胞数量的多少和维管束的大小,是影响叶片薄厚的重要因素。In March 2023,at the Beidashan Laboratory of Nanjing Forestry University,Phyllostachys edulis seedlings aged 1 to 4 years were used as experimental materials(15 seedlings for each age group).Growth parameters,leaf size variations,and biomass of various components in different age groups of P.edulis were measured.The leaf anatomical structures were observed using paraffin sectioning,and a Leica microscope software(LAS X)was employed to determine parameters such as leaf thickness,mesophyll thickness,and vascular bundle area and other indexes.SPSS(PAS-W Statistics18)was used to conduct one-way analysis of variance on the measured data.The study aimed to explore the developmental patterns of P.edulis seedlings at different ages,the biomass allocation of various components,and differences in leaf structure during growth.The results showed that with the increase in age of P.edulis seedlings,height,internode number,leaf count,single leaf area,and total leaf area all gradually increased.The leaf area of lateral branches initially increased and then decreased,with the largest leaf area found in the upper middle portions of the lateral branches.The biomass of the seedling was mainly distributed in the leaves at the early stage of the seedling,and was evenly distributed from the above-ground part to each component gradually with the increase of age.Significant differences in leaf size were observed across age groups,while leaf anatomical structures showed similarities.There was no clear pattern in the cellular structures of leaves at different ages,the upper epidermis was thicker than the lower epidermis,with the lower epidermis exhibiting mastoid enlargement,developed fusiform cells,and the thickness of finger arm cells was less than that of rosette cells.During the growth process of P.edulis seedlings,three transitional stages were observed:“cluster growth-mixed growth-scattered growth”.As age increased,the growth patterns of P.edulis seedlings gradually resembled those of natural P.edulis forests,with the internal le

关 键 词：毛竹 实生苗 生长发育 生物量 叶片解剖结构 

分 类 号：S718.4[农业科学—林学] S795.7