冶金与地球化学过程中Fe-Co-Ni-Cu亲氧性和亲硫性规律  

Regularity of oxygen affinity and sulfur affinity of Fe-Co-Ni-Cu in metallurgical and geochemical processes

作　　者：王帅 孙丰龙 赵中伟 WANG Shuai;SUN Fenglong;ZHAO Zhongwei(School of Metallurgy and Environment,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Hunan Key Laboratory for Metallurgy and Material Processing of Rare Metals,Central South University,Changsha 410083 China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,长沙410083 [2]中南大学稀有金属冶金与材料制备湖南省重点实验室,长沙410083

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2024年第10期3422-3434,共13页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52374361,72088101)。

摘　　要：Fe、Co、Ni、Cu在冶金上的提取分离与地球化学成矿在原理上具有高度的相似性,例如岩浆熔离成矿与火法冶金、热液成矿与湿法冶金、风化成矿与湿法冶金、生物地球化学成矿与生物冶金。元素在地球化学迁移和冶金提取过程中体现出的化学性质相似,在地球化学过程中,Fe、Co、Ni、Cu经常伴生成矿,如铁镍矿、镍钴矿、铜钴矿等硫化或氧化类矿物;在冶金过程中,这四个元素则体现出很强的亲氧亲硫化学规律性。利用过渡金属元素Fe、Co、Ni、Cu在成矿中显现出的元素亲和性差异作为相似元素相互分离的理论指导,可以从新的角度理解提取冶金。本文通过分析四种元素的地球化学行为与冶金行为,发现其对氧的亲和性顺序为Fe>Co>Ni>Cu,对硫的亲和性顺序为Fe<Co<Ni<Cu。此结论可为元素选择性硫化、氧化提供理论依据,同时也为金属元素相互分离提供更多可能的研究方法。The extraction and separation of Fe,Co,Ni and Cu in metallurgy have high degree of resemblance with the geochemical mineralization in principle,such as magmatic ore-forming and pyrometallurgy,hydrothermal ore-forming and hydrometallurgy,weathering ore-forming and hydrometallurgy,biogeochemical ore-forming and biohydrometallurgy.The chemical properties of elements in the process of geochemical migration and metallurgical extraction are similar.In geochemistry,Fe,Co,Ni and Cu are often associated with mineralization,such as iron-nickel deposit,nickel-cobalt deposit,copper-cobalt deposit and other sulfide or oxide deposits.In the metallurgical process,these four elements show strong regularity of oxygen affinity and sulfur affinity.Use the difference of element affinity of transition metal elements Fe,Co,Ni and Cu in mineralization as the theoretical guidance for the separation of similar elements,that makes extraction metallurgy understood from a new perspective.In this paper,the behaviors of four elements in geochemistry and metallurgy were analyzed,the order of oxygen affinity is Fe>Co>Ni>Cu,and the order of sulfur affinity is Fe<Co<Ni<Cu.This conclusion can provide a theoretical basis for the selective sulfidation and oxidation of elements,and also provide more possible research methods for the separation of metal elements.

关 键 词：铁 钴 镍 铜 提取冶金 地球化学 亲氧性 亲硫性 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]