电动汽车无线充电系统接收端位置大范围唯一性辨识系统设计  

Design of Accurate Position Detection System Applied to Large Misalignment Range for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System

作　　者：孙天 宋贝贝 崔淑梅[1,2] 朱春波 董帅[1,2] Sun Tian;Song Beibei;Cui Shumei;Zhu Chunbo;Dong Shuai(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001 China;Zhengzhou Research Institute of Harbin Institute of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001 China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学电气工程及自动化学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈工大郑州研究院,郑州450001

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第21期6626-6635,6792,共11页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(52307007);黑龙江省博士后基金面上项目(LBH-Z22185)资助。

摘　　要：电动汽车无线充电系统中,接收端定位技术能够辅助进行停车路径引导,解决停车偏移造成的充电功率和效率跌落等问题。但由于电磁定位法所用到的磁场幅值有限且空间分布形式复杂,现有的电磁定位技术难以实现大偏移范围内接收端的精准定位。该文设计了一种采用非中心对称线圈结构的接收端位置检测装置,并提出接收端在离散二维空间内位置坐标的行迹递推算法,能够实时获取大偏移范围内接收端的高精度二维位置信息。仿真和实验结果表明,该方法的最大定位范围为±800 mm,在±600 mm范围内定位精度小于20 mm,±600~±800 mm范围内定位精度小于50 mm,定位准确率不小于96%。In the practical application of an electric vehicle(EV)wireless charging system,quite a few human-driven or driverless electric vehicles cannot accurately stop in the effective charging area without parking guidance.During charging process,the receiver misalignment beyond an acceptable range will cause severe problems such as low charging efficiency,excess electromagnetic radiation and rapid temperature rise of the system components.Since the beginning of industrialization of EV wireless charging technology,position detection(PD),as one of the three main auxiliary functions for wireless power transfer(WPT),has been widely researched by several researchers and institutes for years.By far,hundreds of PD methods have been proposed,but there are still many problems to positioning accurately within a wide range.Based on electromagnetic(EM)position detection method,this paper proposed an accurate PD system applied to large misalignment range for EV wireless charging system.By reasonable design of the positioning coil array and optimized calculation of the induced voltages,it gets the position coordinates of the receiver in widediscrete two-dimensional space accurately and effectively.Difficulties for the application of EM position detection to a large range stem from the low magnitude and symmetric spatial distribution of the magnetic field.To address the problem,a PD device using a triple coil array was proposed.The coil array was fixed on board,quite under the receiver coil,with the outer contour the same as the vehicle assembly(VA)for making full use of the installation space.Small quantities of the PD coils together with the design of coil geometric parameters based on effective magnetic flux area achieve a sufficient induced voltage magnitude.Non-centrosymmetric arrangement of the PD coils and the asymmetric spatial mapping relationship from each PD coil to VA guarantee the one-to-one correspondence between the VA position and the induced voltage vector.During positioning process,low power excitation was added to

关 键 词：无线充电 位置检测 电磁感应 电动汽车 

分 类 号：TM724[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]