生物质焦油重整催化剂失活机制及增效策略  

Improvement strategies of catalyst deactivation for biomass tar reforming

作　　者：曾飞 刘晋 粟杨 杨海 吕星 ZENG Fei;LIU Jin;SU Yang;YANG Hai;L Xing(College of Safety Engineering,Chongqing University of Science&Technology,Chongqing 401331,China;College of Intelligent Technology and Engineering,Chongqing University of Science&Technology,Chongqing 401331,China;Chongqing Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆科技大学安全工程学院,重庆401331 [2]重庆科技大学智能技术与工程学院,重庆401331 [3]重庆资源循环利用与碳中和技术研究院,重庆401331

出　　处：《应用化工》2024年第10期2472-2478,2483,共8页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0265,CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX1021);重庆科技学院硕士研究生创新计划项目(YKJCX2220720);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究重点项目(KJZD-K202101501);重庆市油气生产安全与风险控制重点实验室项目(cqsrc202114);重庆市城市管理科研项目(202312)。

摘　　要：焦油催化重整是生物质资源化利用的关键,而在长时间重整作用下,催化剂会因各种原因丧失活性。对天然矿石类、生物炭、镍基和复合催化剂四大类催化体系进行分析,在催化失活表现机制的基础上,提出催化剂性能增效策略。研究表明,镍基是催化剂发挥有效作用必不可少的元素;催化剂积碳、烧结和中毒失活与反应温度密切相关,此外还受催化剂负载量、活性组分之间相互作用能力和毒物覆盖率等因素的影响;通过引入金属系载体和助剂,并优化催化剂为核壳型结构,是降低催化剂失活速率和提升焦油转化率的重要增效策略。在未来研究中,可以利用神经网络、密度泛函理论等技术明晰焦油重整反应路径,优化催化剂制备方法,为提升催化性能提供理论依据和实践价值。Tar catalytic reforming is the key to the utilization of biomass resources,and under the long-term reforming,the catalyst will lose its activity due to various reasons.Four types of catalytic systems of natural ores,biochar,nickel-based and composite catalysts are analyzed,and a catalyst performance and efficiency enhancement strategy is proposed on the basis of the catalytic inactivation mechanism.Studies have shown that nickel groups are essential elements for catalysts to play an effective role;catalyst carbon deposition,sintering and poisoning inactivation are closely related to the reaction temperature,and are also affected by factors such as catalyst loading,interaction ability between active components and poison coverage.By introducing metal-based supports and additives,and optimizing the catalyst into a core-shell structure,it is an important efficiency strategy to reduce the inactivation rate of the catalyst and improve the tar conversion rate.In future research,neural networks,density functional theory and other technologies can be used to clarify the reaction path of tar reforming and optimize the preparation method of catalysts,so as to provide theoretical basis and practical value for improving catalytic performance.

关 键 词：生物质 焦油重整 催化剂 失活 增效策略 

分 类 号：TQ426[化学工程]