小麦叶色突变体lc1的鉴定及遗传特性分析  

Identification and genetic analysis of a leaf color mutant lc1 in wheat

作　　者：耿妙苗 崔家乐 赵艳霖 王睿辉[1] GENG Miaomiao;CUI Jiale;ZHAO Yanlin;WANG Ruihui(College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院/华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2024年第5期1-10,共10页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2020204094);河北农业大学引进人才科研专项(2D201725).

摘　　要：光合作用是小麦产量形成中最重要的生理过程之一。叶色突变体直接或者间接影响叶绿体发育、叶绿素合成或代谢过程,进而导致叶片光合效率的变化。本研究以小麦品系1A520诱变得到的叶色突变体lc1(Leaf color mutation,lc1)为试验材料,进行了叶色观察、农艺性状调查、叶绿素含量测定、叶绿体超微结构观察、温度敏感性测试及遗传特性分析。结果表明:与野生型相比,突变体lc1在两叶一心期时出现叶片白化,随发育进程逐渐恢复成绿白相间的条纹状;至旗叶、倒二叶及穗子刚抽出时均呈现黄色,叶片完全展开后逐渐恢复为淡绿色。lc1在苗期时的叶绿素含量极显著低于野生型,且叶绿体缺乏板层结构。农艺性状调查发现,lc1的株高、单株有效穗数、粒长、粒宽和千粒重等极显著低于野生型,旗叶长度和穗粒数则极显著高于野生型。温敏试验表明lc1在10℃时叶绿素含量最低,为低温敏感类型。遗传分析和55K芯片分型表明,lc1的叶色表型由一对隐性核基因控制,且很可能位于7D染色体长臂。上述试验结果为lc1基因的定位和克隆奠定了基础。Photosynthesis is one of the most important physiological processes affecting wheat yield.Leaf color mutants alter the efficiency of photosynthesis by directly or indirectly affecting chloroplast development,chlorophyll synthesis and metabolism.In this study,the leaf color mutant lc1(Leaf color mutation,lc1),an EMS mutation from wheat line 1A520,was studied on leaf color observation,agronomic trait identification,chlorophyll content determination,chloroplast ultrastructure observation and genetic analysis.The results showed that the leaf color mutant lc1 appeared albino at the three-leaf stage,and gradually developed into white and green stripe with the development of leaves.Flag leaf,penultimate leaf and spike were yellow at the beginning and gradually became light green when the leaf blade stretched.The chlorophyll content of the mutant leaves was significantly lower than that of the wild type at seedling stage,and the chloroplast structure was abnormal due to the lack of lamella.Significant decrease was identified of the mutant lc1 on plant height,spike number per plant,grain length,grain width and the thousand-grain weight compared with that of the wild type.While the flag leaf length and number of grains were significantly higher than those of wild type.The temperature sensitivity test showed that lc1 had the lowest chlorophyll content at 10℃,suggesting it as a low-temperature-sensitive type.The genetic analysis and 55K chip genotyping proved that the leaf color of lc1 was controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear gene that was likely to be located on chromosome 7D.The above experimental results laid a foundation for the mapping and cloning of the lc1 gene.

关 键 词：小麦 叶色 突变体 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]