镉砷复合污染农田小麦籽粒镉砷积累的品种差异研究  

Research on the differences in cadmium and arsenic accumulation among different wheat cultivars under cadmium and arsenic co-contamination

作　　者：李宇宁 冯柳旭 李鼎豪 董妍 高培培 赵全利[2] 刘文菊[1] 薛培英[1] LI Yuning;FENG Liuxu;LI Dinghao;DONG Yan;GAO Peipei;ZHAO Quani;LIU Wenju;XUE Peiying(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences/State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecology and Environment,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Teaching Experimental Farm,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院/华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室/河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071000 [2]河北农业大学教学试验农场,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2024年第5期19-27,共9页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2021204097);国家自然科学基金项目(U21A2024);河北省科技计划项目(23567601H).

摘　　要：土壤镉(Cd)砷(As)复合污染易造成小麦籽粒Cd和As含量超标问题。本研究以黄淮海冬麦区55份小麦品种(系)为供试材料,在华北平原典型镉砷复合污染区(地块S1:中度污染;地块S2:重度污染)开展田间试验,探究小麦籽粒镉砷含量的品种差异特征,并综合分析小麦籽粒镉砷含量和千粒重,筛选出Cd和As均低积累的小麦品种。结果表明,地块S1和S2小麦籽粒Cd含量范围分别为0.15~0.76 mg/kg和0.24~0.87 mg/kg;地块S1和S2小麦籽粒As含量范围分别为0.052~0.14 mg/kg和0.18~0.45 mg/kg,小麦籽粒镉砷累积存在极显著品种差异。小麦籽粒Cd含量均超过我国食品安全标准限值(0.1 mg/kg,GB2762—2022),而As含量均低于我国食品安全标准限值(0.5 mg/kg),因此Cd和As复合污染农田主要控制污染物为Cd。最终筛选出‘婴泊700’(YB700)为Cd和As均低积累且产量较高的小麦品种,可优先在黄淮海地区中重度Cd和As复合污染农田进行试种,同时建议配合叶面阻控和土壤钝化措施以实现小麦安全生产。Co-contamination of cadmium(Cd)and arsenic(As)in soil often results in elevated levels of Cd and As in wheat grains.This study examined 55 wheat cultivars(varieties)from the Huang-huai-hai Winter Wheat Region.Field experiments were conducted in typical Cd and As co-contaminated areas in the North China Plain(Plot S1:moderate contamination;Plot S2:severe contamination)to explore the varietal differences in Cd and As content in wheat grains.Additionally,this study conducted a comprehensive analysis of Cd and As content in wheat grains as well as thousand kernel weight,aiming to identify wheat varieties with low accumulation of Cd and As.Results showed that Cd content in wheat grains from plots S1 and S2 ranged from 0.15 to 0.76 mg/kg and 0.24 to 0.87 mg/kg,respectively,while the As content in wheat grains ranged from 0.052 to 0.14 mg/kg and 0.18 to 0.45 mg/kg,respectively.Significant differences were observed in Cd and As accumulation among different cultivars.The Cd contents in wheat grain exceeded the national food safety standard(0.1 mg/kg,GB2762—2022),while As contents in wheat grain remained below the standard value(0.5 mg/kg).Therefore,in fields contaminated with both Cd and As,controlling Cd contamination is of primary concern.in fields contarninated with both Cd an As Ultimately,the wheat variety‘Yingbo 700’(YB700)was identified as low accumulation of both Cd and As and relatively high yield,Suggesting it as a cultivation in fields with moderate to heavy co-contamination of Cd and As in the Huang-huai-hai region.Also,it is recommended to apply foliar inhibitors and soil passivators to ensure the safe production of wheat.

关 键 词：镉 砷 小麦 低积累品种 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]