新中国初期大学学术文化嬗变:表现与动因  

The Evolution of University Academic Culture in the Early Stage of the People’s Republic of China:Performance and Motivation

作　　者：刘永 胡钦晓[1,2] LIU Yong;HU Qin-xiao(Faculty of Education,Qufu Normal University,Qufu,Shandong,273165;Institute of Higher Education Research,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong,266000)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学教育学院,山东曲阜273165 [2]青岛大学高等教育研究院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《清华大学教育研究》2024年第4期141-149,共9页Tsinghua Journal of Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“话语统摄与中国文科百年发展研究”(21YJC880052)。

摘　　要：大学学术文化历经千年积淀形成了相对稳定的价值体系和意蕴追求。新中国成立后,受新生社会主义政治制度、计划经济体制和社会结构根本性变革等多重因素影响,大学学术文化发生嬗变并重构形成适应时代发展的新学术文化,主要体现在:学术价值追求由个人“闲暇的产物”转向公共的“人民科学”,学术生产的自为组织性转向“有计划的学术”,学术生态环境的自由稳定转向复杂多变。新中国初期大学学术文化嬗变虽然改变了传统学术文化滋养下业已形成的学术研究固有轨迹,但有力保障和推动了新中国经济、社会、文化发展,具有重要的历史意义和现实价值。当前及未来的中国学术发展应保证学术功用的普惠性和使命感、保持学术生态的整体性和多样化、保障学术环境的稳定性和宽容度、保护学术探索的崇高性和内驱力。University academic culture,shaped by thousands of years of accumulation,has traditionally maintained a relatively stable value system and pursuit of meaning.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,under the influence of multiple factors such as the new socialist political system,the planned economy,and fundamental changes in social structure,university academic culture evolved and was reconstructed to form a new academic culture that adapted to the development of the times.This evolution is primarily reflected in the following aspects:the pursuit of academic value shifted from individual“leisure products”to public“people’s science,”the self-organization of academic production shifted to“planned learning,”and the academic ecological environment changed from one of freedom and stability to one marked by complexity and variability.Although this evolution altered the established trajectory of academic research that had been nurtured by traditional academic culture,it effectively guaranteed and promoted the economic,social,and cultural development of the new China during a unique historical period,holding significant historical and practical value.Moving forward,academic development in China should ensure the inclusiveness and responsibility of academic value,maintain the integrity and diversity of academic ecology,safeguard the stability and tolerance of the academic environment,and protect the nobility and intrinsic motivation of academic exploration.

关 键 词：学术文化 学术价值 学术生态 嬗变 

分 类 号：G649.29[文化科学—高等教育学]