One Health视角下的细菌耐药性  

Bacterial resistance from the perspective of One Health

作　　者：解廷宸 柴鹏妮 罗沙沙 郑绘霞[2] 赵正保 吴长新 杨志强 XIE Tingchen;CHAI Pengni;LUO Shasha;ZHENG Huixia;ZHAO Zhengbao;WU Changxin;YANG Zhiqiang(Key laboratory of Medical Molecular Cell Biology of Shanxi Province,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences,School of Life Science,Shanxi University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030006,China;Pathology Department,First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China;Shanxi Liye medicine Co.,Ltd,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030021,China)

机构地区：[1]医学分子细胞生物学山西省重点实验室,山西大学生物医学研究院山西大学生命科学学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西医科大学第一医院病理科,山西太原030001 [3]山西立业制药有限公司,山西太原030021

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2024年第9期1355-1360,F0003,共7页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划青年项目基金项目(20210302124146);山西省重点研发项目(202102130501023);太原市“双百攻关行动”第一批“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024TYJB0147)。

摘　　要：抗生素耐药性已成为全球公共卫生危害,人类健康、畜牧兽医以及环境安全等领域均受到耐药细菌的威胁。导致细菌耐药的基因可以通过其所携带的可移动基因元件(包括质粒、转座子、整合子等)通过水平转移,进入不同种属细菌,从而加重对公共卫生的威胁。鉴于耐药菌在不同生境中的广泛分布以及耐药基因在不同细菌种属间的广泛传播,应用同一健康(One Health)策略来监测和控制耐药菌流行已成为全球共识。本文以One Health视角综述细菌耐药机制、耐药基因的传播以及耐药检测技术三个方面的研究进展,为遏制抗生素耐药性危机、保障“人类-动物-环境”共同健康提供一定理论依据。Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a global public health hazard,posing threats to human health,animal husbandry and veterinary medicine,as well as environmental safety.Drug⁃resistant genes,which give rise to bacterial resistance,can disseminate among various species of bacteria via horizontal gene transfer,facilitated by mobile genetic elements such as plasmids,transposons and integrons.Consequently,this exacerbate the risks to public health.Considering the extensive distribution of drug⁃resistant bacteria across various niches and the prevalent presence of drug⁃resistant genes in diverse bacterial species,there is a global consensus on implementing the One Health approach to monitor and manage the epidemics of drug⁃resistant bacteria.From a One Health perspective,this paper reviews the research progress of bacterial drug resistance mechanism,the spread of drug resistance genes and the detection technologies of drug resistance,and provide some theoretical basis for curbing antimicrobial resistance crisis and safeguarding the common health of“human⁃animal⁃environment”.

关 键 词：抗生素 细菌耐药性 可移动基因元件 同一健康 耐药检测技术 

分 类 号：R978[医药卫生—药品]