基于累积前景理论的共享停车泊位匹配模型  

Shared Parking Space Matching Model Based on Cumulative Prospect Theory

作　　者：郭缙烨 胡军红[1] 傅文陵 刘开源 邱叶 GUO Jin-ye;HU Jun-hong;FU Wen-ling;LIU Kai-yuan;QIU Ye(School of Transportation Engineer,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211800,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学交通运输与工程学院,南京211800

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第28期12357-12365,共9页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878349);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX22_0479);南京市科协“软科学研究”项目(2023-28)。

摘　　要：为缓解停车资源紧缺问题,合理利用现有泊位资源,在充分考虑商业区停车用户的出行目的和个体异质性的基础上构建基于累积前景理论(cumulative prospect theory,CPT)的共享停车泊位匹配模型。通过累积前景理论分析商业区用户的停车选择行为,在考虑停车资源利用情况和用户对泊位满意程度的基础上,以泊位利用率和综合前景价值综合最大为目标函数,采用遗传算法对模型进行求解。通过算例分析模型泊位分配方案差异,发现相较于泊位利用率最大(maximum parking utilization rate,MPUR)模型的分配方案,CPT方案的泊位利用率与MPUR方案相同,但用户平均满意度提升了4.6%。为进一步验证模型的有效性和适用性,分别在不同供需情况和不同停车规模下对模型进行仿真实验,结果表明:在供大于求、供需平衡和供不应求3种情况下,CPT模型能在保证泊位利用率的基础上,使用户平均满意度分别提升了10.72%、8.64%和24.62%。模型可根据不同用户个体特性和泊位选择心理,为用户分配该停车场景下更符合用户心理预期的泊位,提升用户对停车分配方案的满意度,为泊位管理者提供了更加人性化的泊位分配方案参考。In order to alleviate the shortage of parking resources and rationally utilize existing parking resources,a shared parking space matching model based on cumulative prospect theory(CPT)was constructed on the basis of fully considering the travel purpose and individual heterogeneity of parking users in commercial areas.Through the cumulative prospect theory,the parking selection behavior of users in commercial areas was analyzed,and on the basis of considering the utilization of parking resources and the satisfaction of users,the model was solved by genetic algorithm based on the objective function of the comprehensive maximum of parking utilization rate and comprehensive prospect value.Through the analysis of the model parking allocation scheme differences by example,it is found that compared to the maximum parking utilization rate(MPUR)model's allocation scheme,the parking utilization rate of the CPT scheme is the same as that of the MPUR scheme,but the average user satisfaction increases by 4.6%.To further validate the effectiveness and applicability of the model,simulation experiments were conducted on the model under different supply and demand scenarios and different parking scales.The results show that the CPT model can improve average user satisfaction by 10.72%,8.64%,and 24.62%,while ensuring the utilization rate of parking spaces,under three scenarios:supply exceeding demand,supply balancing,and supply exceeding demand.The model is capable of designating parking spaces that align more with users'psychological expectations in a given parking scenario,based on distinct user traits and parking selection mindset.This enhances user satisfaction with the assigned parking scheme and provides parking space administrators with a more human-centered approach for their parking space allocation reference.

关 键 词：城市交通 泊位分配 遗传算法 累积前景理论(CPT) 共享停车 停车行为选择 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]