玉米苗期耐低磷种质筛选及综合评价  

Screening and comprehensive evaluation of maize germplasm with low phosphorus tolerance during seedling stage

作　　者：李敏[1] 时振坤 晁召飞 袁天宇 陈士林[1] 吴向远 LI Min;SHI Zhenkun;CHAO Zhaofei;YUAN Tianyu;CHEN Shilin;WU Xiangyuan(School of Agriculture,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding,Xinxiang 453003,China;Jiaozuo Seed Industry Development Center,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院农学院,现代生物育种河南省协同创新中心,河南新乡453003 [2]焦作市种业发展中心,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《河南科技学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期9-15,22,共8页Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(232102110173)。

摘　　要：选取37个玉米品种,通过水培试验方法,在低磷和正常磷处理下,测定了玉米的株高、地上鲜质量、地上干质量、根系鲜质量、根系干质量、SPAD、叶长和叶宽8个性状表征值,并计算了各指标的耐低磷胁迫指数.在此基础上,运用综合隶属函数法进行主成分分析、相关性分析和聚类分析,评估各玉米品种的耐低磷能力.研究结果表明:通过主成分分析,3个主成分的累计方差贡献率达到了89.42%,表明这些指标能够全面反映玉米品种的耐低磷能力.利用隶属函数法计算出综合耐低磷评价值(D),据此,将玉米品种划分为敏感、高敏、耐、中等和高耐5个等级.经过系统聚类分析,筛选出H001、H006、H0373个品种为耐低磷型玉米品种;H003、H007、H009等8个品种归为低磷敏感型.玉米苗期耐低磷能力可以通过株高、地上鲜质量、地上干质量、根系鲜质量、根系干质量、SPAD、叶长和叶宽8个指标来评估不同玉米品种的苗期耐低磷能力.In this study,37 maize varieties were selected to perform hydroponic experiments.Under low and normal phosphorus treatments,the plant height,fresh weight above ground,dry weight above ground,fresh weight of roots,dry weight of roots,SPAD,leaf length,and leaf width of maize were measured,and the tolerance index to low phosphorus stress for each index was calculated.Based on the above experiments,the comprehensive membership function method is used for principal component analysis,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis to evaluate the low phosphorus tolerance of various maize varieties.The research results indicate that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the three principal components reached 89.42%using principal component analysis,indicating that these indicators can comprehensively reflect the low phosphorus tolerance ability of maize varieties.The comprehensive low phosphorus tolerance evaluation value(D)was calculated using the membership function method,and maize varieties were divided into 5 levels:sensitive,high sensitive,tolerant,moderate,and high tolerance.After systematic clustering analysis,H001、H006 and H037 were selected as low phosphorus tolerant maize varieties,H003,H006,H009 and 8 were classified as low phosphorus sensitive varieties.The low phosphorus tolerance of maize seedlings can be evaluated by eight indicators:plant height,fresh weight above ground,dry weight above ground,fresh weight of roots,dry weight of roots,SPAD,leaf length,and leaf width.

关 键 词：玉米 耐低磷 筛选与鉴定 综合评价 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]