桥梁转体施工转动体系中球铰结构中间耐磨板的优化设计  

Optimum Design for the Middle Wear Plate of Spherical HingeStructure in the Rotating System of Swivel Bridge Construction

作　　者：张静华 李杰 蔡景毅 徐乐乐 徐国际 ZHANG Jinghua;LI Jie;CAI Jingyi;XU Lele;XU Guoji(Central&Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co,Ltd.,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司,湖北武汉430010 [2]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《公路工程》2024年第5期39-46,85,共9页Highway Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52078425)。

摘　　要：球铰结构作为桥梁转体施工中的核心部件,其性能决定了转体过程的成败。很多相关研究简化球铰模型,仅考虑上下钢制球面板作为摩擦副而忽略中间耐磨板,因此有必要开展针对中间耐磨板的力学性能研究和参数优化设计。依托于贵州省某座T构转体,利用Abaqus软件建立并验证球铰部位有限元模型。基于粒子群优化算法(PSO),以滑板间距和滑板厚度为设计变量,接触面摩阻力分布均匀程度为优化目标,构建了耐磨板尺寸参数优化模型。同时利用Python语言对Abaqus进行二次开发,实现了有限元求解和参数优化的自动化。研究结果表明:原有耐磨板的接触压力呈现“中间低”和“边缘高”的分布规律,不利于充分利用材料性能和工程简化计算。优化后的球铰耐磨板最大接触应力由37.64 MPa减小到25.57 MPa,接触面积缩减了50.5%,应力均方差由4.47降低至0.85,接触界面应力分布更加均匀。该研究可为球铰接触面优化设计提供理论依据和技术支撑。The performance of the spherical hinge structure,which is the core component in the rotating construction,determines the success or failure of the swivel process.Most related studies have simplified the spherical hinge,only considering the upper and lower spherical steel plates as a friction subset and ignoring the middle wear plates,so it is necessary to research the mechanical properties and the optimum design of the middle wear plates.Taking a T-framed rotating construction in Guiyang province as the engineering background,a refined finite element model of the spherical hinge is established and verified by Abaqus.Combined with the PSO,the proposition of optimizing the wear plate size parameters is constructed.In this one,the decision parameters include the spatial distribution and thickness of the plates,the optimization objective is the uniformity of contact surface frictional resistance distribution.Meanwhile,the secondary development of Abaqus by using Python is carried out to realize the automated process of FE solution and the spherical hinge optimization.The analysis shows that the pressure of the wear plate has a distribution pattern of"lower in the middle"and"higher at the edge",which is not conducive to making full use of the material properties and simplifying the engineering calculation.The maximum contact stress of the optimized spherical wear plate declines from 37.64 MPa to 25.57 MPa,the contact area has dropped by 50.5%,and the stress variance of the four wear plates is reduced from 4.47 to 0.85,which means the stress distribution at the contact interface is more uniform.This study can provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the optimum design of the spherical hinge contact interface.

关 键 词：转体球铰设计 接触界面 耐磨板 粒子群优化 Abaqus二次开发 

分 类 号：U443.4[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]