基于蝶形理论的工作面超前钻孔解危机理与技术应用  

Mechanism and Technical Application of Danger Elimination in Advance Drilling of Working Face Based on Butterfly Theory

作　　者：李臣 鱼琪伟[3,4] 连小勇[3,5] 吴桐 LI Chen;YU Qiwei;LIAN Xiaoyong;WU Tong(School of Safety Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;CCTEG Wuhan Engineering Company,Wuhan 430064,China;School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;China Coal Xi an design engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710000,China;Uroica(Shandong)Mining Technology Co.,Ltd.,Taian 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中煤科工集团武汉设计研究院有限公司,湖北武汉430064 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083 [4]中煤西安设计工程有限责任公司,陕西西安710000 [5]尤洛卡精准信息工程股份有限公司,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《绿色矿冶》2024年第5期61-66,74,共7页Sustainable Mining and Metallurgy

基　　金：中煤科工集团武汉设计研究院创新项目(ZZYF202319)。

摘　　要：针对采动工作面超前应力集中导致冲击动力灾害问题,通过数值模拟研究了具有普适性的采动空间应力分布规律,分析了非均匀应力场作用下孔洞围岩塑性损伤机制,获得了孔洞围岩塑性区RPP扩展特性,解释了应力场演化期间孔洞围岩塑性区蝶化-劣化趋势效用下工作面超前大直径卸压钻孔的作用机理。研究结果表明,当推进长度大于两个见方时,采空区周边应力趋于稳态,沿采空区最小主应力P 3受应力卸载影响,在采空区边界处出现拐点;垂直采空区30 m内最大主应力P 1急剧增加,显著影响距离可达90 m,围压比在采空区10 m内变化明显,轴向侧压系数变化较稳定,垂向侧向系数在近采空区出现较大波动;孔洞围岩在非等压应力场呈现RPP扩展特性,即在围压比持续增大时孔洞围岩塑性区将出现圆形-椭圆形-蝶形的演化规律,其敏感性越发强烈并最终表现为塑性劣化,围岩失稳,能量释放,解释了工作面前方大直径钻孔卸压机理。基于此,在某矿沿工作面倾向布置孔径600 mm、间距7.5 m、贯穿工作面的大直径卸压钻孔,现场应用后电磁监测结果显示工作面前方整个压力显现较弱,卸压作用明显。The paper is aimed at the problem of impact dynamic disasters caused by stress concentration ahead of the working face in mining.The universal axial and vertical stress distribution patterns in the mining space were studied through numerical simulations.The plastic damage mechanism of surrounding rock due to the action of non-uniform stress field was theoretically analyzed.The extension characteristics of the plastic zone of the surrounding rock under sustained stress field evolution were obtained.The mechanism of the butterfly-degradation trend of the plastic zone of the surrounding rock ahead of the working face under the effect of large-diameter unloading boreholes was explained.The results show that when the advancing length is greater than two square,the stress around the goaf tends to be stable,and the minimum principal stress P3 along the goaf is affected by stress unloading,and there is an inflection point at the boundary of the goaf.The maximum principal stress P1 increases sharply within 30 m in the vertical goaf,and the significant influence distance can reach 90 m.The confining pressure ratio changes obviously within 10 m in the goaf,the axial lateral pressure coefficient changes more stably,and the ver-tical lateral coefficient fluctuates greatly near the goaf.The surrounding rock of the hole shows RPP ex-pansion characteristics in the non-isostatic stress field,that is,when the confining pressure ratio contin-ues to increase,the plastic zone of the surrounding rock of the hole will appear the evolution law of circu-lar-elliptical-butterfly shape,and its sensitivity is more and more intense and finally shows plastic deterio-ration,surrounding rock instability,energy release,which explains the pressure relief mechanism of large diameter borehole in front of the working face.Based on the above research,the layout parameters of large-diameter boreholes ahead of the working face in a certain mine were designed with a borehole diam-eter of 600 mm and a spacing of 7.5 m.After on-site application,monitoring

关 键 词：应力分布 蝶形塑性区 RPP扩展 大直径钻孔 卸压解危 

分 类 号：TD35[矿业工程—矿井建设]