电阻抗断层成像在评估脑损伤患者中的应用价值  

Application value of electrical impedance tomography in assessment of patients with brain injury

作　　者：宁雅婵[1] 闫彬 刘博 王春梅[1] NING Yachan;YAN Bin;LIU Bo;WANG Chunmei(Department of Critical Care Medicine,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院重症医学科,北京100053

出　　处：《基础医学与临床》2024年第11期1499-1503,共5页Basic and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：北京市重大疫情防治重点专科项目(京卫医〔2021〕135号);国家临床重点专科建设项目(国卫办医函〔2021〕451号)。

摘　　要：电阻抗断层成像(electrical impedance tomograph,EIT)通过测量体表电极之间的传递阻抗来估计组织电特性的空间分布。EIT在医学成像,特别是在脑损伤患者的评估中,展现出了巨大的应用潜力。本篇综述介绍EIT在脑损伤患者评估中的应用进展,包括脑卒中、脑水肿和癫痫灶的诊断和监测,在脑卒中研究中,连续实时EIT监测可早期发现颅内病变,区分脑卒中类型,改善患者预后。对于脑水肿,EIT可实时监测颅内压和评价脱水治疗效果。在癫痫方面,可用于癫痫病灶定位以及癫痫发作监测。本文还对EIT目前存在的问题进行了总结,探讨其技术挑战与未来发展方向。Electrical impedance tomography(EIT)estimates the spatial distribution of tissue electrical properties by measuring the transfer impedance between surface electrodes.which has shown great potential in medical imaging,especially in the evaluation of brain injury patients.This review introduces the application of EIT in the evaluation of brain injury patients,including diagnosis and monitoring of stroke,cerebral edema,and epileptic foci.In stroke research,consecutive and real-time EIT monitoring may support early diagnosis of intracranial lesions,identification of stroke types,and improvement of prognosis.For cerebral edema,EIT can monitor intracranial pressure in real-time and evaluate the effectiveness of dehydration treatment.EIT is used for lesion localization and seizure monitoring.The review also summarizes the existing problems of EIT and technical challenges that may orient future research as well as clinical application.

关 键 词：电阻抗断层成像(EIT) 脑损伤 组织阻抗 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]