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作 者:邱廷省[1,2] 樊泽豪 龙琪邦 吴昊 邱森 严华山 QIU Tingsheng;FAN Zehao;LONG Qibang;WU Hao;QIU Sen;YAN Huashan(College of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Low−Carbon Processing and Utilization of Strategic Metal Mineral Resources,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China;School of ecological construction and environmental protection,Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi Province,China;College of Rare Earth and New Materials Engineering,Gannan University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China)
机构地区:[1]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州341000 [2]江西理工大学战略金属矿产资源低碳加工与利用江西省重点实验室,江西赣州341000 [3]江西环境工程职业学院生态建设与环境保护学院,江西赣州341000 [4]赣南科技学院稀土与新材料工程学院,江西赣州341000
出 处:《矿产保护与利用》2024年第5期1-8,共8页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources
基 金:国家自然科学基金(52274262);江西省赣鄱俊才支持计划(20232BCJ23005);江西省杰出青年基金(20232ACB214008);江西省自然科学基金(20224BAB204036);战略金属矿产资源低碳加工与利用江西省重点实验室(2023SSY01041)。
摘 要:离子型稀土矿浸出过程常伴随杂质铝的浸出,这会增加后续除杂工序和成本,并造成稀土损失。为了保障稀土高效浸出的同时减少杂质铝离子的浸出,同时为离子型稀土矿绿色高效浸取剂的遴选提供方案,以不同阴离子体系(SO_(4)^(2−)、Cl^(−)、NO_(3)^(-)−和CH_(3)COO^(−))的铵盐和镁盐为浸取剂,考察了单一浸取剂浓度、液固比和流速及组合药剂对稀土和杂质铝浸出行为的影响。结果表明:随着浸取剂浓度、液固比的增加以及浸取剂流速的降低,稀土浸取率逐渐增大,不同阴离子对稀土浸出的促进效果为SO_(4)^(2−)>Cl^(−)>NO_(3)^(-)−>CH_(3)COO^(−),且镁盐的稀土浸取率高于铵盐。浸取剂中存在的乙酸根阴离子可以显著降低浸出液中的杂质铝浓度,在硫酸镁与乙酸镁组合药剂分步加药的最佳条件下,可获得稀土浸取率为97.36%、稀土离子质量浓度为706.34 mg/L、铝离子质量浓度为17.8 mg/L的浸出母液。The leaching process of ionic rare earth ores is often accompanied by the leaching of impurity aluminium,which will increase the subsequent decontamination process and cost,and cause the loss of rare earths.In order to ensure the efficient leaching of rare earths while reducing the leaching of impurity aluminium ions and provide a solution for the selection of green and efficient leaching agents for ionic rare earth ores.In this paper,the effects of single leachant concentration,liquid−solid ratio and flow rate,and combined agent on the leaching behaviour of rare earths and impurity aluminium were investigated using ammonium and magnesium salts with different anionic systems(SO_(4)^(2−),Cl^(−),NO_(3)^(-)−and CH_(3)COO^(−))as leaching agents.The results show that with the increase of leaching agent concentration,liquid−solid ratio and the decrease of leaching agent flow rate,the leaching efficiency of rare earths gradually increases,the promotion effect of different anions on the leaching of rare earths is as follows:SO_(4)^(2−)>Cl^(−)>NO_(3)^(-)−>CH_(3)COO^(−)and the leaching rate of rare earths from magnesium salts is higher than that of ammonium salts,and the presence of acetate anion in the leachant can significantly reduce the concentration of impurity aluminium in the leaching solution.Under the optimal leaching parameter conditions of magnesium sulfate and magnesium acetate combined agent,a leaching mother liquor with a rare earth leaching efficiency of 97.36%,a rare earth ion concentration of 706.34 mg/L,and an aluminium ion concentration of 17.8 mg/L could be obtained.
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