基于“2-4”模型的车辆伤害事故行为原因研究  

Study on behavioral causes of vehicle injury accidents based on“2-4”model

作　　者：李震 侯羽 王鹏飞 LI Zhen;HOU Yu;WANG Pengfei(China Gezhouba Group Cement Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中国葛洲坝集团水泥有限公司,湖北武汉430073 [2]平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司,河南平顶山467002

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2024年第11期67-70,共4页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

摘　　要：为预防水泥企业车辆伤害事故,采用事故致因“2-4”模型研究10起典型车辆伤害事故的行为原因。首先,研究个人层面的一次性行为与习惯性行为原因,即不安全动作、物态和安全知识、意识、习惯、心理、生理;然后,研究组织层面的指导行为和运行行为原因,即安全文化和安全管理体系;最后,建立水泥企业车辆伤害事故行为原因分析模型。结果表明:发生最多的不安全行为是驾驶员野蛮驾驶,不安全物态是车辆存在视野盲区,驾驶员在交叉作业安全风险、事故案例警示教育、装卸料安全技能方面的安全知识欠缺比较突出,安全管理体系欠缺主要体现在水泥厂对相关方车辆及随车人员进场管理不严格、交叉作业安全管控不到位、奖惩机制不落实方面。For the sake of preventing vehicle accidents,behavior-based accident causation“2-4”model is introduced to analyzed causes of 10 typical vehicle injury accidents.Firstly,from the individual level,the causes of one-time behavior and habitual behavior were studied,namely,unsafe action,unsafe condition,safety knowledge,consciousness,habit,psychology and physiology;then,from the organizational level,the reasons of guiding behavior and operating behavior were studied,namely,safety culture and safety management system;finally,the behavioral cause analysis model of vehicle injury accidents of cement enterprises was established.The results show that:The most common unsafe behavior is the driver's wild driving,the most common unsafe condition is visual blind spot of the vehicl,the driver's lack of safety knowledge in cross-operation safety risk,accident case warning education and loading and unloading safety skills is prominent.The lack of safety management system is mainly reflected in the unstrict access management,inadequate cross operation safety control,and non-implementation of reward and punishment mechanisms.

关 键 词：车辆伤害事故 事故致因“2-4”模型 行为安全 

分 类 号：X928[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TQ172.8[化学工程—水泥工业]