时空心脑关系:一种解答心脑问题的神经哲学方案  

The Spatiotemporal Relationship Between Mind and Brain:A Neurophilosophical Solution to the Mind-Brain Problem

作　　者：陈向群[1,2] CHEN Xiangqun(School of Humanities,Nanchang University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330031,China;Institute of Mental Health,University of Ottawa,Ottawa K1Z 7K4,Canada)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学人文学院,江西南昌30031 [2]渥太华大学心理健康研究所,加拿大渥太华K1Z 7K4

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期64-70,共7页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家留学基金资助项目“神经哲学视角下的心脑问题研究”(项目编号:201908360204)。

摘　　要：神经哲学倡导哲学与神经科学的结合,强调以神经科学的经验方法来解答传统的哲学问题。鉴于神经科学视精神特征与神经特征之间以时空特征为“通用货币”,因此可从神经哲学的角度提出一种时空形式的心脑关系,即时空心脑关系。这样的心脑关系强调时空关系和时空结构,从本体论上可将其理解为一种结构和关系意义的心脑理论。在时空心脑关系中,心灵与大脑既非一元关系,也非二元关系。因而在本体论定位上我们将其视为一种介于心脑一元论与二元论之间的新心脑关系,即心脑中性论。神经哲学对心脑问题的解答表明,我们应该抛弃传统理论和经验相分离的方法,转而选择从哲学与神经科学的对话中来探寻解答心脑问题的新方法。Neurophilosophy,an interdisciplinary approach that bridges philosophy and neuroscience,employs empirical neuroscientific methods to address longstanding philosophical questions.This study proposes a novel framework for understanding the mind-brain relationship through a spatiotemporal lens,leveraging neuroscience’s recognition of spatiotemporal characteristics as a“common currency”between mental and neurological phenomena.With spatiotemporal mind-brain relationship we introduce a conceptual model that emphasizes the structural and relational aspects of the mind-brain connection within a spatiotemporal context.This approach offers an ontological perspective that transcends traditional monistic or dualistic viewpoints.With mind-brain neutrality theory,our framework posits a nuanced relationship between mind and brain that is neither strictly unitary nor binary.Instead,we propose a neutral stance that acknowledges the complex interplay between mental and neural processes.This study underscores the limitations of traditional approaches that separate theory from empirical evidence.We advocate for a more integrated methodology that fosters dialogue between philosophy and neuroscience to address the mind-brain problems.

关 键 词：神经哲学 心脑问题 时空心脑关系 “通用货币” 心脑中性论 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]