沿海低盐度地区池塘花鲈产业化养殖技术研究  

Research on the industrialized aquaculture technology of pond perch in coastal low salinity areas of China

作　　者：李焱辉 周东来 刘文 冯薇 陈创华 郭建谊 罗志平 吴清锋 LI Yanhui;ZHOU Donglai;LIU Wen;FENG Wei;CHEN Chuanghua;GUO Jianyi;LUO Zhiping;WU Qingfeng(Modern Agriculture Development Center of Zhuhai,Guangdong Province,Zhuhai 519000,China;Institute of Silkulture and Agricultural Products Processing,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510507,China;Zhuhai Fengxin Agricultural Science and Technology Co.,LTD.,Zhuhai 519055,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省珠海市现代农业发展中心,广东珠海519000 [2]广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,广州510507 [3]珠海市丰行农业科技有限公司,广东珠海519055

出　　处：《养殖与饲料》2024年第11期32-38,共7页Animals Breeding and Feed

摘　　要：[目的]探讨沿海低盐度地区池塘花鲈产业化养殖的可行性及经济实现模式。[方法]通过调研对比广东珠海斗门白蕉地区(池塘水源盐度0~3‰)和金湾平沙地区(池塘水源盐度2‰~12‰)的花鲈发展现状;同时在金湾平沙镇台创园某水产良种繁育基地对设施设备、管理方法、养殖技术进行优化,实施花鲈大塘产业化经济养殖试验,对试验数据、品质情况、“三去”加工率及品鉴情况进行综合分析,进一步总结产业化养殖的建议经济指标和产业化的实现途径。[结果]采用市场流通2.5~3 cm左右(0.5~0.6 g)规格海鲈苗起标,标苗成活率(定塘规格(130±15)g)≥60%,育成成活率≥97%,次年1月起捕体质量为750~1000 g/尾,养成期饵料系数为1.33~1.35,成本(11±1)元/500 g。[结论]沿海低盐度地区池塘大塘产业化养殖成本完全能够达到国内外海鲈池塘优势生产区的中位数生产成本,品质、加工率优良,具备产业前景,在产业链规模布局上具有后发优势。[Objectives]The feasibility and economic mode of realizing the industrialized aquaculture of pond perch in coastal low salinity areas of China was studied.[Methods]The development status of pond perch in the Baijiao area of Doumen town with the salinity of water source in pond ranging from 0‰to 3‰and the Pingsha area of Jinwan town with the salinity of water source in pond ranging from 2‰to 12‰in Zhuhai City,Guangdong Province was investigated and compared.The facilities and equipment,management,and aquaculture techniques of an aquatic breeding base in the Taiwan Innovation Park in Pingsha area of Jinwan town was optimized to conduct the industrialized and economic aquaculture of pond perch.The experimental data,quality,processing rate of"three removal",and tasting were comprehensively analyzed.The economic indexes recommended for industrialized aquaculture and the pathways to achieve industrialization were further summarized.[Results]Using market circulation of pond perch seedling with a size of about 2.5-3.0 cm(0.5-0.6 g)as the starting mark,the survival rate of marking seedlings with a size of 130±15g and rearing was more than 60%and 97%,respectively.The weight of the catch was 750-1000 g/tail in January of the following year,with the bait coefficient of the rearing period ranging from 1.33 to 1.35 and the cost of(11±1)¥/500 g.[Conclusions]The cost of industrialized aquaculture in large ponds in coastal low salinity areas can fully reach the median cost of dominant aquaculture areas of pond perch at home and abroad.The quality and processing rate of pond perch are excellent,and it has industrial prospects and an advantage of latecomer in the scale layout of the industrial chain.

关 键 词：沿海低盐度地区 花鲈 产业化 养殖 综合研究 

分 类 号：S965.211[农业科学—水产养殖]