养殖废水高效降臭微生物筛选及组合菌剂的研究  

Screening microorganisms with efficient deodorization and the com combination of microbial agents in manure water from aquaculture

作　　者：张小勤 吕南 张业怀 ZHANG Xiaoqin;LÜNan;ZHANG Yehuai(Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture,Nanning 530007,China;Yulin Sericulture Technology Promotion Station,Yulin 537000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业职业技术大学,南宁530007 [2]玉林市蚕业技术推广站,广西玉林537000

出　　处：《养殖与饲料》2024年第11期39-44,共6页Animals Breeding and Feed

基　　金：2023年广西农业职业技术大学科研项目(XKJ2328)。

摘　　要：[目的]筛选出降臭效果好的微生物菌剂,以减少养殖泡粪水恶臭气体污染环境的问题。[方法]分别从河道底泥污水和养殖场粪污水取样,利用平板划线分离法从2份样品中分离出菌株,进一步通过硼酸收法、锌胺络盐吸收法检测菌株的NH3、H2S去除率,筛选出降臭效果好的菌株并构建组合菌剂,应用于养殖泡粪水中进行除臭试验。[结果]从2份样品中分离出18株菌,有4个菌株降NH3效果好,1个菌株均具有较好地降低NH3和H2S的能力,经鉴定,筛选出的5株菌B5、B6、B7、B8、B9分别为紫色色杆菌、粪产碱杆菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌。不同菌株组合的菌剂C(B5∶B9∶B8=1∶1∶1)对养殖泡粪水中NH3、H2S去除率最佳,分别是87.39%和59.57%。[结论]菌剂C对养殖泡粪水的降臭效果较好,可为高效除臭菌剂的工业化生产提供参考。[Objectives]Microbial agents with good effects of deodorization were screened to reduce the problem of environmental pollution caused by foul odors in manure water from aquaculture.[Methods]Samples were taken from river sediment sewage and livestock manure sewage.The plate streaking separation method was used to isolate bacterial strains from samples selected.The removal rate of NH3 and H2S by the bacterial strains was detected with the boric acid absorption method and the zinc amine complex salt absorption method.The strains with good effects of deodorization were screened to construct a combination of microbial agents for deodorization experiments in manure water from aquaculture.[Results]18 bacterial strains were isolated from 2 samples,with 4 strains had good effect of reducing NH3 and 1 strain had good ability to reduce NH3 and H2S.The screened 5 strains of bacteria B5,B6,B7,B8,and B9 were identified as Bacillus subtilis,Alcaligenes faecalis,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Bacillus licheniformis,and Bacillus cereus,respectively.The best removal rate of NH3 and H2S by the combination of microbial agent C(B5∶B9∶B8=1∶1∶1)in manure water from aquaculture was 87.39%and 59.57%,respectively.[Conclusions]The combination of microbial agent C has a good effect of deodorization in manure water from aquaculture,which can provide reference for the industrial production of microbial agents with highly efficient deodorization.

关 键 词：降臭微生物 养殖泡粪水 筛选 臭气污染 环保治理 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172