知母化学成分和药理作用研究进展  

Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological actions of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma

作　　者：张香玉 才子航 高洁 张小龙 玄振玉 ZHANG Xiangyu;CAI Zihang;GAO Jie;ZHANG Xiaolong;XUAN Zhenyu(School of Pharmacy,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201200,China;SuZhou Youseen NewDrug R&D Co.,Ltd.,Jiangsu Suzhou 215000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学中药学院,上海201203 [2]苏州玉森新药开发有限公司,江苏苏州215000

出　　处：《上海中医药大学学报》2024年第5期83-93,共11页Academic Journal of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项(2018ZX09731016)。

摘　　要：知母始载于《神农本草经》,主要药用部位为根茎,功效为清热泻火、滋阴润燥、生津止渴,归肾、肺、胃经。现代研究显示,知母主要含有甾体皂苷类、黄酮类、多糖类、木脂素类、生物碱类、挥发油等成分,具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、降糖降脂、保护心肌细胞、神经保护、抗骨质疏松、延缓衰老、抗氧化、调节性激素、增强免疫、促进毛发生长、类生长激素和抗肺纤维化等多种药理作用。通过对知母的化学成分和药理作用进行全面系统的整理,以期为进一步研究和临床应用提供参考。Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge was first recorded in the Shennong's Herbal Classic of Materia Medica,and the main medicinal part is the rhizome with the efficacy of nourishing yin and descending fire,nourishing yin and moistening dryness,producing fluid to quench thirst,and the channel entries of kidney,lung and stomach channels.Modern studies show that Anemarrhenae Rhizoma mainly contains steroidal saponins,flavonoids,polysaccharides,lignans,alkaloids,volatile oils and other components,which has multiple pharmacological actions of anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,hypoglycemic effect,lipid-lowering,protecting cardiac muscle cells,neuroprotection,anti-osteoporosis,delaying aging,anti-oxidation,regulating sex hormones,enhancing immunity,promoting hair growth,growth hormone-like and anti-pulmonary fibrosis.The chemical constituents and pharmacological actions of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma were comprehensively and systematically summarized in this paper in order to provide reference for further research and clinical application.

关 键 词：知母 化学成分 甾体皂苷 药理作用 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学] R285[医药卫生—中医学]