北京城市社区老年人的社会健康状况及其相关因素分析  

Analyzing the social health status of older adults in urban communities and its associated factors

作　　者：李佳蔚 孟晓庆 高超[1] 周白瑜[1] 刘尚昕 闫佳惠 潘麒羽 岑颜 陈术强 于普林[1] Li Jiawei;Meng Xiaoqing;Gao Chao;Zhou Baiyu;Liu Shangxin;Yan Jiahui;Pan Qiyu;Cen Yan;Chen Juqiang;Yu Pulin(Beijing Hospital,National Center of Geriatrics,Institute of Geriatrics,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China;Human Resource Department,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]北京医院、国家老年医学中心、中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730 [2]北京医院人事处、国家老年医学中心、中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2024年第10期1321-1325,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：国家卫生健康委员会卫生健康标准项目(20201801)。

摘　　要：目的基于《中国健康老年人标准(2022)》,探讨北京城市社区老年人的社会健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用分层抽样的方法,选取北京市海淀区马连洼街道所辖兰园社区60岁及以上老年人159例作为研究对象,年龄(70.7±7.9)岁,其中男性74例、女性85例。采用入户面对面访谈方法,运用自编问卷对老年人的社会健康状况进行全面评估和分析。结果在参与研究的社区老年人中,32.1%(51例)的老年人社会健康状况被评定为健康,不同年龄组老年人社会健康状态的分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.802,P=0.019),并随着年龄增长,社会健康状态呈现下降趋势(χ^(2)=9.626,P=0.002)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度(OR=2.119,95%CI:1.044~4.031,P=0.038)和慢性疾病状况(OR=5.007,95%CI:1.083~23.140,P=0.039)是影响老年人社会健康状况的因素。结论北京城市社区老年人的社会健康状况整体偏低,且随着年龄的增长逐渐变差;文化程度和慢性疾病状态对老年人的社会健康有显著影响,针对文化程度较低以及慢性疾病情况较差的老年群体,应实施社会健康评估及针对性的干预措施,以改善其社会健康水平。Objective To examines the social health status and influencing factors affecting the elderly population in urban communities of Beijing,based on the"the Standard for Healthy Chinese Older Adults(2022)".Methods Using the stratified sampling method,a total of 159 elderly individuals aged 60 and above from the Lanyuan community in the Malianwa street jurisdiction of Haidian district,Beijing,were selected as research subjects.The average age of the participants was(70.7±7.9)years,comprising 74 males and 85 females.Household face-to-face interviews were conducted,utilizing self-compiled questionnaires to perform a comprehensive assessment and analysis of the social health status of the elderly.Results In the study involving community-based elderly participants,32.1%(51 cases)were classified as healthy.The analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the social health status among various age groups of the elderly(χ^(2)=11.802,P=0.019),with a notable downward trend in social health status as age increases(χ^(2)=9.626,P=0.002).Furthermore,the results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that educational level(OR=2.119,95%CI:1.044-4.031,P=0.038)and chronic disease status(OR=5.007,95%CI:1.083-23.140,P=0.039)are significant influencing factors on the social health status of older adults.Conclusions The social health status of the elderly in urban communities in Beijing is generally low and deteriorates progressively with age.Both educational attainment and chronic disease prevalence significantly influence the social health of this demographic.For elderly individuals with lower educational levels and poor chronic disease management,it is essential to conduct social health assessments and implement targeted intervention strategies to enhance their overall social health.

关 键 词：社会健康 城市卫生 因素分析 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]