贵州畲族农村老年人高血压患病情况及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension among elderly population in rural areas of She ethnic group in Guizhou province

作　　者：周小艳[1] 林先燕[1] 骆思亦 张万[1] 黄文强[1] Zhou Xiaoyan;Lin Xianyan;Luo Siyi;Zhang Wan;Huang Wenqiang(Qiannan Ethnic Medicine College,Duyun 558000,China)

机构地区：[1]黔南民族医学高等专科学校,都匀558000

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2024年第22期3786-3790,共5页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

基　　金：黔南民族医学高等专科学校科研基金(QNYZ202009)。

摘　　要：目的了解贵州畲族农村老年人群的高血压患病情况及其影响因素。方法2022年7月采用多级整群单纯随机抽样方法对麻江县畲族乡村60岁以上老年人进行高血压流行病学调查,共调查560人,其中男222人,女338人,年龄(72.58±6.59)岁。调查内容包含高血压发病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率和人口学相关指标、行为生活方式、反映体型的体格检查指标。采用χ^(2)检验,采用非条件logistic回归分析影响因素。结果贵州畲族农村老年人高血压患病率为55.71%(312/560),高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为72.44%(226/312)、51.92%(162/312)、21.79%(68/312)。非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度(OR=2.020,95%CI 1.265~3.224)、婚姻状况(OR=1.579,95%CI 1.280~1.947)、吸烟(OR=2.695,95%CI 1.578~4.604)、饮酒(OR=0.376,95%CI 0.238~0.593)、体重指数(OR=2.051,95%CI 1.464~2.875)、腰臀比(OR=1.737,95%CI 1.125~2.681)、家族史(OR=1.500,95%CI 1.223~1.838)、每日食盐量(OR=1.596,95%CI 1.077~2.366)均为影响贵州畲族农村老年人高血压患病的主要因素(均P<0.05)。结论贵州畲族农村老年人群高血压患病率高、治疗率和控制率低,应重点加强对高血压知识及可控因素预防的宣教,改变不良生活习惯,从而提高老年人健康水平。Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and its influencing factors among elderly population in rural areas of She ethnic group in Guizhou province.Methods In July 2022,a multi-stage cluster simple random sampling method was used to conduct an epidemiological survey on hypertension among the elderly of the She ethnic group in rural Majiang County.A total of 560 people were investigated,including 222 males and 338 females,aged(72.58±6.59)years.The survey included the incidence,awareness rate,treatment rate,and control rate of hypertension,demographic-related indicators,behavior and lifestyle,and physical examination indicators reflecting body type.The influencing factors were analyzed byχ^(2) test and unconditional logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence rate of hypertension among the elderly of the She ethnic group in rural Guizhou province was 55.71%(312/560),and the awareness rate,treatment rate,and control rate of hypertension were 72.44%(226/312),51.92%(162/312),and 21.79%(68/312).The results of unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that education level(OR=2.020,95%CI 1.265-3.224),marital status(OR=1.579,95%CI 1.280-1.947),smoking(OR=2.695,95%CI 1.578-4.604),alcohol consumption(OR=0.376,95%CI 0.238-0.593),body mass index(OR=2.051,95%CI 1.464-2.875),waist-to-hip ratio(OR=1.737,95%CI 1.125-2.681),family history(OR=1.500,95%CI 1.223-1.838),and daily salt intake(OR=1.596,95%CI 1.077-2.366)were the main factors affecting the prevalence of hypertension among the elderly of the She ethnic group in rural Guizhou province(all P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension among the elderly of the She ethnic group in rural Guizhou province is high,while the treatment and control rates are low.It is necessary to focus on strengthening the education and prevention of hypertension knowledge and controllable factors,change unhealthy living habits,and thereby improve the health level of the elderly.

关 键 词：高血压 畲族 老年 患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]