电弧炉异常炉况电极调节应激干预技术的研究  

Study on Electrode Regulation Stress Intervention Technique of Electric Arc Furnace under Abnormal Furnace Condition

作　　者：蔡安江[1] 乔宁 李琨 张永武 吴超 周文栋 权鑫 CAI Anjang;QIAO Ning;LI Kun;ZHANG Yongwu;WU Chao;ZHOU Wendong;QUAN Xin(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xian University of Architecture and Technology,Xian 710055,China;Xi'an Electric Furnace Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Xi'an 710061,China;Shaanxi Engineering Technology Research Center of"Four Main Bodies and One Joint"Electric Furnace,Xi'an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西安电炉研究所有限公司,陕西西安710061 [3]陕西省“四主体一联合”电炉工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《工业加热》2024年第10期1-8,共8页Industrial Heating

基　　金：陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设项目(2023KXJ-247);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBGY-095)。

摘　　要：三相交流电弧炉在冶炼过程中常遭遇短路和断弧异常炉况,这不仅延长了通电和出钢时间,增加了能耗,还威胁到生产的安全性和稳定性。提出了一种创新的基于电弧声信号分析的电极调节应激干预技术,以优化EAF冶炼过程。首先基于75t普碳钢EAF生产现场的电弧声信号探究了短路、断弧与稳态运行时三类电弧声时频特征;利用平滑伪维格纳分布算法来评估电弧声的能量密度水平,确定了异常炉况与稳态运行时的特征频率,实现了异常炉况判别。此外,通过分析稳态运行、短路与断弧前期及发生期的电弧声特征频率,揭示了异常炉况的预测规律。在此基础上,在现有的电极调节控制系统中集成了应激干预机制,并通过程序化实现了自动化控制。工程验证结果表明,该技术能够有效地在3~4秒前预测并干预异常炉况,显著减少了短路和断弧事件,同时降低了7.5%的单吨冶炼能耗,证实了其在提升EAF冶炼效率和降低成本方面的潜力。Three-phase AC Electric Arc Furnace(EAF)often encounters short circuit and broken arc in the smelting process,which not only prolongates the power supply and steel production time,increases energy consumption,but also threatens the safety and stability of produc-tion.An innovative electrode-regulated stress intervention technique based on arc acoustic signal analysis is proposed to optimize the EAF smelting process.First,based on the arc sound signal of 75 t plain carbon steel EAF production site,the arc sound time-frequency character-istics of short circuit,broken arc and steady state operation were investigated.By using the smooth pseudo-Wgener distribution algorithm to e-valuate the energy density level of arc sound,this paper successfully defines the characteristic frequencies of abnormal furnace conditions and steady-state operation,and establishes accurate criteria for abnormal furnace conditions identification.In addition,the prediction rule of ab-normal furnace condition is revealed by analyzing the characteristic frequency of arc sound in steady state operation,early stage of short circuit and breaking arc and its occurrence.On this basis,the stress intervention mechanism is integrated into the existing electrode regulation control system,and the automatic control is realized by programming.Engineering verification results show that the technology can effectively predict and intervene in abnormal furnace conditions 3-4 seconds before,significantly reducing short circuits and arc breaks,while reducing energy consumption per ton by 7.5%,confirming its potential to improve EAF smelting efficiency and reduce costs.

关 键 词：电弧声信号 异常炉况判别 预测 平滑伪维格纳分布 电极调节 应激干预机制 

分 类 号：TF741.5[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]