冰粒空气射流喷射器结构的关键参数  

Key Parameters of Ice Particle Air Jet Ejector Structure

作　　者：蔡玉波 刘勇[1,2] 魏建平[1,2] 李志平[1,2] CAI Yubo;LIU Yong;WEI Jianping;LI Zhiping(State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,China;State Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean-efficiency Utilization,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理国家重点实验室,焦作454003 [2]河南理工大学煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,焦作454003

出　　处：《中国表面工程》2024年第4期179-191,共13页China Surface Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52174170,52274192);河南省高校科技创新人才项目(21HASTIT009)。

摘　　要：目前在冰粒射流表面处理领域普遍存在冰粒易粘结和堵塞等问题,严重影响表面处理效率。基于射流泵基本结构,提出冰粒即时制备和利用的冰粒空气射流表面处理技术,可解决冰粒粘结堵塞问题。为实现冰粒的高效利用和冰粒空气射流的高速喷射,研制冰粒引射和加速一体化喷射器结构。系统性研究喷射器工作喷嘴位置(L_(d))、膨胀比(n)和加速喷嘴直径比(D_(n))、长径比(L_(n))对冰粒引射能力和加速的影响,以冰粒冲击动能为综合评判指标,确定喷射器结构参数,并进行表面处理试验验证。研究结果表明:在2 MPa气压下,喷射器喷嘴参数为n=1.5,D_(n)=4.0,L_(d)=4,L_(n)=0 mm时,可以充分引射加速冰粒。该结构参数下进行铝合金板脱漆试验,可获得较大的脱漆半径并使铝合金板表面更光滑,铝合金表面粗糙度由3.194±0.489μm变为1.156±0.136μm。冰粒的即时制备和利用解决了冰粒空气射流技术工程应用时存在的冰粒粘结和储存问题,可为材料表面处理领域提供一种新的技术方法。Ice-particle air jet surface treatment technology has the advantages of being green and harmless to the human body,and therefore,it has wide application prospects in the field of surface-material treatment.The existing ice-particle jet technology experiences difficulties,such as ice storage pellets and easy bonding,which lead to low efficiency in the surface treatment of ice-particle jets.Therefore,an efficient ice-particle air-jet injection method was proposed.Additionally,to avoid the blockage problem of ice-particle storage,a method for the instant preparation and utilization was proposed.To realize the instant utilization of ice particles and high-speed injection of ice-particle air jets,the basic structure of a jet pump was considered based on previous research,and the working and accelerating nozzles were combined by adjusting the injector structure.A working nozzle was used to suck the ice particles instantly and preliminary acceleration,whereas an accelerating nozzle was used to further accelerate the ice particles after induction to obtain a higher impact kinetic energy.Numerical simulations were performed using the coupled Fluent-EDEM method,and heat transfer was used to analyze the ice-particle ejection and acceleration laws under different structural parameters of the injector.The differences in the ice-particle ejection and acceleration performances of the working nozzle with different nozzle positions(L_(d))and pressure ratios(n),and the accelerating nozzle with different diameter ratios(D_(n))and length-to-diameter ratios(L_(n)),were investigated.The numerical simulation used the kinetic energy of ice particles as a comprehensive evaluation index,and determined the parameters of the jet structure that enabled ice particles to be utilized instantly.The simulation reached the maximum kinetic energy of the impact.Subsequently,a surface paint removal test was performed on an aluminum-alloy material using the parameters of the jet structure.The results showed that the instant utilization of ice particle

关 键 词：表面处理 除漆技术 冰粒射流 射流泵 喷嘴设计 

分 类 号：TG178[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]