“Double-Double”铺层热塑性层合板及其在汽车结构中的应用潜力  

"Double-Double"layup thermoplastic laminates and their application potential in automotive structures

作　　者：杨刚 沈剑 周正扬 吕海如 刘仁杰 张茜 刘家龙 江大志 YANG Gang;SHEN Jian;ZHOU Zhengyang;LYU Hairu;LIU Renjie;ZHANG Qian;LIU Jialong;JIANG Dazhi(School of Materials,Sun Yat-sen University,Shenzhen 518107,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学材料学院,深圳518107

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第9期4919-4931,共13页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金外国学者研究基金(52350410457)。

摘　　要：汽车结构的轻量化是降低汽车能耗和增加续航里程的重要方式。虽然纤维增强环氧树脂等热固性基体复合材料具有极高的力学性能和轻量化潜力,但是较高的制造能耗、修复成本及较低的设计和制造效率,阻碍了其在汽车结构中的广泛应用。本文采用一种新型“Double-Double”铺层(DD)热塑性层合板([±Ф/±Ψ]n),试图解决以上问题。文中分析了DD层合板相较于π/4铺层(Quad)层合板在轻量化设计方面的优势,并且对比了不同铺层方式(DD、Woven、Quad铺层)及不同基体材料(热固性基体环氧树脂、热塑性基体尼龙6)层合板的力学性能和设计分析流程。结果表明:高轴向刚度DD层合板在主要载荷方向的刚度及强度远高于相同纤维、基体的Woven层合板;DD层合板的刚度性能与相同纤维、基体的Quad层合板相近,但是DD层合板的设计效率高于Quad层合板。同时,对碳纤维增强尼龙6复合材料(carbon/PA6)的DD热塑性层合板的研究发现,虽然单向carbon/PA6的拉伸模量和拉伸强度低于单向carbon/epoxy,但是DD carbon/PA6层合板仍可通过铺层设计,使主要载荷方向上的刚度和强度超过Woven carbon/epoxy层合板。并且热塑性Carbon/PA6具有优异的可修复性和回收再利用性,显示出应用于汽车结构设计的优势。The lightweight of automobile structures is an important way to reduce automobile energy consumption and increase cruising range.Although thermosetting matrix composites such as fiber reinforced epoxy have extremely high mechanical properties and lightweight potential,their applications in automotive structures are hindered by high manufacturing energy consumption,maintenance costs,and low design and manufacturing efficiency.A new type of"Double-Double"layup(DD)thermoplastic laminate([±Ф/±Ψ]_(n))is expected to solve the above problems.This paper analyzed the advantages of DD laminates compared toπ/4 laminates(Quad)in lightweight design,and compared the mechanical properties and design analysis processes of laminates with different layup methods(DD,Woven,Quad layups)and different matrix materials(thermosetting epoxy resin,thermoplastic nylon 6).The results showed that the stiffness and strength of high axial stiffness DD laminates in the main load direction were much higher than those of Woven laminates with the same fiber and matrix.The stiffness performance of DD laminates was similar to that of Quad laminates with the same fiber and matrix,but the design efficiency of DD laminates was higher than that of Quad laminates.At the same time,research on DD thermoplastic laminates of carbon fiber reinforced nylon 6 composites(carbon/PA6)found that although the tensile modulus and tensile strength of unidirectional carbon/PA6 were lower than those of unidirectional carbon/epoxy,DD carbon/PA6 laminates could still be designed through the layup so that the stiffness and strength in the main load direction exceeded that of Woven carbon/epoxy laminates.Moreover,themoplastic carbon/PA6 has excellent repairability and recyclability,showing its advantages in automobile structural design.

关 键 词：Double-Double 层合板 聚合物基复合材料 纤维 热塑性树脂 汽车结构 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]