基于中医古籍的中药外治法治疗偏头痛用药规律  

Medication patterns of external therapy of traditional Chinese medicine for migraines based on traditional Chinese medicine classics

作　　者：李嘉慧 翁衡 张娈 景玉玉 谢润生 李慧 LI Jiahui;WENG Heng;ZHANG Luan;JING Yuyu;XIE Runsheng;LI Hui(The Second Clinical College,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510120,China;State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Universityof Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学第二临床医学院,广东广州510120 [2]广州中医药大学第二附属医院中医证候全国重点实验室,广东广州510006

出　　处：《上海中医药杂志》2024年第11期28-32,共5页Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中医证候全国重点实验室项目(QZ2023ZZ04);广东省卫健委医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2021466)。

摘　　要：目的分析中医古籍中治疗偏头痛的中药外治方用药规律,为中药外治法治疗偏头痛技术操作规范的制定提供参考。方法检索古籍文献中有关中药外治法治疗偏头痛的条文,提取并规范化处理方剂名称、中药组成、剂型、给药途径、起效时间等信息,录入Excel软件建立数据库。借助中医传承计算平台V3.0软件对涉及中药的四气、五味、归经进行频次分析,并对中药外治方进行关联规则分析及聚类分析。结果①共纳入外治方171首,涉及206味中药,其中起效快的外治方44首。②偏头痛外治方的给药途径涉及经鼻给药、经眼给药、经耳给药、经口腔给药、经皮肤给药、其他方式6类,其中经鼻给药频次最高(97次);外治方涉及散剂、膏剂、糊剂、鲜植物药、烟雾剂、丸剂等十余种剂型,其中散剂使用频次最高(74次)。③涉及中药四气分布以温性最多,其次为寒性;五味以辛味为主,其次为苦味;中药归经以肝经为主,其次为脾经、心经。④外治方中高频使用中药共计15味,以解表药、活血化瘀药、开窍药为主;关联规则分析共得到7组核心配伍,聚类分析得到5类核心药物组合。⑤44首起效快的外治方涉及经鼻给药、经耳给药、经眼给药、经皮肤给药4类给药途径,以及11种剂型、71味中药,其中经鼻给药频次最高(27次),散剂最为常用(20次),高频使用中药以解表药、活血化瘀药为主。结论古籍中有许多行之有效的偏头痛外治方,有挖掘利用的价值,可以为中药外治法治疗偏头痛技术操作规范的制定提供参考。Objective To analyze the medication patterns of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)external therapy for migraines based on TCM classics,providing a reference for establishing technical operation standards for the treatment of migraines.Methods Relevant entries from ancient texts on TCM external therapy for migraines were searched and retrieved.Information on the names of the formulas,ingredients,dosage forms,administration routes,and onset time was extracted,standardized,and entered into a database using Excel.The frequency of the four properties,five flavors,and meridian tropism of the TCM ingredients was analyzed using the TCM inheritance support system V3.0(TCMISS V3.0).Additionally,association rule analysis and cluster analysis were performed on the TCM external therapy formulas.Results①A total of 171 external therapy formulas,involving 206 traditional Chinese herbal medicines(TCHMs),were included,of which 44 were identified as fast-acting.②The formulas involved six routes of administration:nasal,ocular,aural,oral,dermal,and other routes,with nasal administration being the most frequent(97 instances).Over ten different dosage forms were identified,including powders,plasters,pastes,fresh herbs,aerosols,and pills,with powders being the most commonly used(74 instances).③The distribution of the four properties showed a predominance of warm properties,followed by cold properties;among the distribution of the five flavors,pungent is the most dominant,followed by bitter;the meridian tropism analysis showed a primary focus on the liver meridian,followed by the spleen and heart meridians.④A total of 15 high-frequency TCHMs were identified,mainly including herbs for relieving exterior syndromes,blood-activating and stasis-dissolving herbs,and orifice-opening herbs.Seven core formula combinations were identified through association rule analysis,and five core herbal clusters were obtained through cluster analysis.⑤Among the 44 fast-acting formulas,four routes of administration were identified:nasal,aural,ocular,

关 键 词：偏头痛 中药 外治法 文献研究 数据挖掘 用药规律 

分 类 号：R277.7[医药卫生—中医学]