上海市东部沿海地区大型建筑工地灭鼠毒饵适口性研究  

Palatability of different rodenticide baits at large construction sites in the eastern coastal area of Shanghai,China

作　　者：冯磊[1,2] 陆丽华 元永艇 于思雨 刘汉昭[1,2] FENG Lei;LU Li-hua;YUAN Yong-ting;YU Si-yu;LIU Han-zhao(Department of Vector Control and Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200136,China;Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine,Shanghai 200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心病媒生物控制与寄生虫病防制科,上海200136 [2]复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海200136

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2024年第5期513-516,528,共5页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生系统学科带头人培养计划(PWRd2023-12);上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心卫生科技项目(PDCDC-2022-07);上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023-2025年)重点学科(GWVI-11.1-02);上海市浦东新区卫生健康委公共卫生高峰学科-传染病学(PWYggf2021-01)。

摘　　要：目的筛选适口性好的灭鼠毒饵,为大规模灭鼠活动减少灭鼠时间和提高灭鼠质量提供支持。方法将含0.005%溴鼠灵的蜡块、稻谷毒饵、玉米毒饵、小麦毒饵、花生毒饵与1种基饵(自然晒干的花生米)按照1∶1两两配对,饱和式投放,连续7 d观察和记录摄食情况,采用方差分析和两变量相关性分析对数据进行统计分析。结果花生毒饵7 d累计摄食系数(FC)为0.57,适口性好;稻谷毒饵为0.18,溴鼠灵蜡块为0.18,玉米毒饵为0.17,适口性均为中等;小麦毒饵为0.10,适口性差。稻田(F=25.340,P<0.001)、居民区(F=5.667,P=0.002)和树林生境(F=3.190,P=0.022)中各毒饵7 d累计FC差异均有统计学意义,均是花生毒饵的最高,分别为0.69、0.54、0.49,居民区中玉米毒饵的7 d累计FC为0.41,适口性均好。结论上海市东部沿海地区建筑工地开工前,可采用含溴鼠灵的花生毒饵开展大范围灭鼠工作,可提高灭鼠的效率。Objective To select palatable rodenticide baits,so as to provide support for reducing time invested and improving rodent control quality in large-scale rodent control activities.Methods Wax block baits,rice baits,corn baits,wheat baits,and peanut baits containing 0.005%brodifacoum were each paired up with a type of bait base(naturally dried peanuts)in a 1∶1 ratio.The baits were placed in a saturated manner.Bait consumption was monitored and recorded consecutively for seven consecutive days.Analysis of variance and bivariate correlation analysis were performed.Results The 7-day cumulative feeding coefficient(FC)was 0.57 for the peanut baits,indicating good palatability;0.18 for the rice baits,0.18 for the wax blocks,and 0.17 for the corn baits,indicating moderate palatability;and 0.10 for the wheat baits,indicating poor palatability.There were significant differences in the 7-day cumulative FC of different baits in paddy field(F=25.340,P<0.001),residential area(F=5.667,P=0.002)and forest habitat(F=3.190,P=0.022),and the 7-day cumulative FC of peanut bait was the highest in the three habitats,which was 0.69,0.54 and 0.49,respectively.The corn baits also showed good palatability in residential areas with a 7-day cumulative FC of 0.41.Conclusion Before starting construction at construction sites in the eastern coastal area of Shanghai,China,peanut baits containing brodifacoum can be used for large-scale rodent control work,which can improve the efficiency of rodent control.

关 键 词：建筑工地 灭鼠毒饵 适口性 摄食率 摄食系数 

分 类 号：R184.35[医药卫生—流行病学]