山西省2015-2021年登革热媒介伊蚊幼蚊监测结果分析  

An analysis of surveillance results of dengue vector Aedes larvae in Shanxi Province,China,2015-2021

作　　者：赵俊英[1] 代培芳[1] 刘丽迎 田晓东 崔双杰 闫昌福[1] ZHAO Jun-ying;DAI Pei-fang;LIU Li-ying;TIAN Xiao-dong;CUI Shuang-jie;YAN Chang-fu(Vector Control Division,Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030012,China;Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省疾病预防控制中心病媒生物防控科,山西太原030012 [2]山西医科大学,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2024年第5期543-546,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

摘　　要：目的分析山西省登革热媒介白纹伊蚊监测数据,了解伊蚊孳生环境,为登革热疫情风险评估、预测预警、制定防制对策、措施提供科学依据。方法收集2015-2021年6-9月山西省登革热媒介伊蚊5个监测点生态学监测数据,采用布雷图指数(BI)、容器指数(CI)、房屋指数(HI)进行综合分析。卡方检验和方差分析用于比较不同年份之间5个监测点季节消长、积水类型和监测生境媒介伊蚊孳生情况的差异。结果2015-2021年山西省白纹伊蚊总BI为4.48,CI为3.30,HI为4.24。不同年份间BI差异无统计学意义(F=0.613,P=0.719),不同年份间CI和HI差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=21.218,P=0.002;χ^(2)=72.243,P<0.001)。积水类型以闲置容器(碗/瓶/缸/罐)数量最多,占比为41.18%,不同监测生境中以废旧轮胎年均BI最高,为13.37,伊蚊孳生地中轮胎/废旧轮胎阳性率最高,为5.64%。白纹伊蚊BI高峰主要出现在7-8月,最高值出现在尧都区的8月,为15.35。结论应加强对废旧轮胎和积水容器的管理,特别是在7-8月,做好防蚊灭蚊科普宣传工作,防止登革热在本地传播。Objective To analyze the monitoring data on the dengue vector Aedes albopictus and find out the breeding environment of Aedes mesquito in Shanxi Province,China,so as to provide a scientific basis for the risk assessment,prediction and early warning,and prevention and control of dengue fever.Methods Ecological data of dengue vector Ae.albopictus were collected from five surveillance sites in Shanxi Province from June to September of 2015 to 2021.The Breteau index(BI),container index(CI),and house index(HI)were used for analysis.Chi-square test and analysis of variance were used to compare mosquito seasonality,the type of standing water,and mosquito breeding site at the five surveillance sites in different years.Results For Ae.albopictus in Shanxi Province from 2015 to 2021,the total BI was 4.48,CI was 3.30,and HI was 4.24.There was no significant difference in the BI values of different years(F=0.613,P=0.719).There were significant differences in CI(χ^(2)=21.218,P=0.002)and HI(χ^(2)=72.243,P<0.001)among different years.Among stagnant water types,the number of unused containers(bowls,bottles,tanks,and jars)was the largest,accounting for 41.18%.By monitored habitat,the mean annual BI of waste tires was highest(13.37),and by breeding site,the positive rate of tires/waste tires was highest(5.64%).The density of Ae.albopictus mainly peaked in July to August,with the highest BI being 15.35 in Yaodu District in August.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the management of waste tires and water containers,especially in July and August,and knowledge popularization about mosquito prevention and control,so as to prevent the local transmission of dengue fever.

关 键 词：登革热 白纹伊蚊 布雷图指数 容器指数 房屋指数 孳生地 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]