新型污染物氯代消毒副产物的生态环境及人体健康毒性效应研究进展  

Research progress of the toxic effects of emerging contaminants chlorinated disinfection byproducts on ecological environment and human health

作　　者：叶璟 王照洋 田富箱 孙丽娟 刘超男 陶建伟 许文武 吕亚辉 YE Jing;WANG Zhaoyang;TIAN Fuxiang;SUN Lijuan;LIU Chaonan;TAO Jianwei;XU Wenwu;LYU Yahui(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai,201418,China;Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai,201403,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Management of Agricultural Environment,Institute of Eco-Environment and Soil Science,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,510650,China;South China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation,Guangzhou,510650,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学化学与环境工程学院,上海201418 [2]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海201403 [3]广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所,广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室,广州510650 [4]华南土壤污染控制与修复国家地方联合工程研究中心,广州510650

出　　处：《环境化学》2024年第10期3234-3246,共13页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(21307082);上海市自然科学基金(18ZR1438000)资助.

摘　　要：水消毒是保护人体健康免受病原体侵害并防止病原体在水中传播的基本策略,已被广泛应用于水质净化中.在水消毒过程中,消毒剂易与天然存在的有机物(如腐殖酸和富里酸)、无机物、污染物以及原水中存在的游离氯、溴或碘反应,生成新型污染物(emerging contaminants,ECs)消毒副产物(disinfection by-products,DBPs),其中氯代消毒副产物(chlorinated disinfection byproducts,Cl-DBPs)是检出率和浓度水平最高的一类.Cl-DBPs可引发内分泌紊乱及“三致”效应,对生态环境和人体健康均构成了一定的威胁,然而造成这些不良影响的毒性机制在很大程度上尚不清楚.因此,全面了解Cl-DBPs的毒性效应对保护生态环境和人体健康至关重要.本文综述了目前已发现的Cl-DBPs的种类和来源,探讨了Cl-DBPs及其混合物对水生生物、陆生生物、人体健康的毒性效应,为评价Cl-DBPs的环境风险提供科学依据.Water disinfection is a fundamental strategy for safeguarding human health from pathogenic threats and preventing the spread of pathogens in drinking water.It has been widely employed in water purification.During the process of water disinfection,disinfectants readily react with natural organic matters such as humic and fulvic acids,inorganic compounds,pollutants,and free chlorine,bromine,or iodine present in the raw water,producing pollutants known as emerging contaminants(ECs)or disinfection by-products(DBPs).Among these,chlorinated disinfection byproducts(Cl-DBPs)represent a category with the highest detection rate and concentration levels.The toxicities of Cl-DBPs include endocrine disruption,carcinogenicity,teratogenicity,and mutagenicity,which can threaten human health and environmental safety.However,the toxic mechanisms responsible for these adverse effects are not yet fully understood.Hence,gaining a comprehensive understanding of the toxic effects of Cl-DBPs is crucial for safeguarding both ecological environments and human health.This article provides an overview of the types and sources of Cl-DBPs that have been identified so far.It delves into the toxic effects of Cl-DBPs and their mixtures on aquatic organisms,terrestrial organisms,and human health,thereby offering a scientific foundation for assessing the environmental risks associated with Cl-DBPs.

关 键 词：水消毒 氯代消毒副产物 生态环境 毒性效应. 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]