以深化改革推动形成与数字经济时代相适应的生产关系  

Deepen Reforms and Promote the Formation of Production Relations Commensurate with the Digital Economy Era

作　　者：闫坤 刘诚[2] YAN Kun;LIU Cheng(Institute of Japanese Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;National Academy of Economic Strategy,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院日本研究所,100007 [2]中国社会科学院财经战略研究院,100006

出　　处：《经济研究》2024年第8期4-18,共15页Economic Research Journal

摘　　要：随着新质生产力的形成和发展,生产资料所有制关系、分配关系和人们在生产中的地位等生产关系正在重塑。本文从“所有制形式—组织与市场—社会分配—国际生产关系”四个方面构建理论分析框架,并基于社会主义市场经济的生产关系的现实分析,论述数字经济时代生产关系的演变特征,具体包括:生产资料所有权和控制力变迁,组织与市场更加灵活多变,社会分配普惠和差距扩大两种相反趋势并存,国际生产关系开放性更高。深化改革是形成与新质生产力相适应的生产关系的基本路径,要提升线上市场的市场化水平,建立高标准市场体系;加强新领域新赛道制度供给,更好发挥政府作用;突出人与人工智能关系、新组织新业态与传统经济关系等重点领域的生产关系调试,注重改革实效;扩大开放生态,并加强安全治理。The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote better adapt the relations of production to productive forces,the superstructure to economic base,and national governance to social development so as to provide a strong impetus and institutional support for Chinese modernization.According to the basic principle of Marxist historical materialism,at different stages the productive forces must have corresponding production relations.Production relations are not immutable but possess social and historical attributes.Throughout world history,every significant leap in productive forces has been based on the industrial forms of the time,driving the evolution of socio-economic system.In the era of digital economy,we need to gain insights into the new characteristics of socio-economic system,explore the direction of reform so as to build a new type of production relations.This paper builds a theoretical framework from four aspects:ownership forms,organization and market,social distribution,international production relations,and discusses the evolutionary characteristics of production relations in the digital economy era.The research findings are as follows:Firstly,the ownership and control of the means of production have changed.In the past,ownership of the means of production mainly referred to ownership of capital,but now the importance of ownership and rights of use of data elements are becoming increasingly prominent.Secondly,organizations and markets have become more flexible and diverse.Compared with the traditional market,there are new developments in platform organization forms,online market mechanisms and competition rules.Thirdly,the two opposite trends of inclusive social distribution and widening disparities coexist.While digital technology and digital economy enhance social inclusiveness,the contradictory relationship between human and artificial intelligence has attracted much attention.Fourthly,international production relations are more open,posing

关 键 词：新质生产力 生产关系 数字经济时代 改革 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F124