飞行员迎光飞行对平显信息颜色编码的需求研究  

A Study on the Requirements of Pilots for Color Codingof Head Up Display Information in Light Facing Flight

作　　者：熊端琴 王嫣嫣 白玉 杜健 戈含笑 胡译文 林榕 郭小朝 XIONG Duan-qin;WANG Yan-yan;BAI Yu;DU Jian;GE Han-xiao;HU Yi-wen;LIN Ron;GUO Xiao-chao(Air Force Medical Center of Air Force Military Medical University,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心,北京100142

出　　处：《人类工效学》2024年第4期1-5,共5页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：国防973项目专题(6132690303)。

摘　　要：目的研究飞行员在迎光飞行背景下对于平显信息颜色编码的使用需求,为未来平显或其他透明显示器的彩色化显示设计提供参考。方法以115名飞行员为对象,针对航线飞行画面和作战画面,基于模拟迎光飞行背景编制实验软件,由飞行员对各类显示元素进行颜色编码。分别统计选择各种颜色的人数并对人数进行差异性检验。结果在航线飞行画面和作战画面的各类显示元素中,对于多数长显信息(含正常信息)和可攻击信息,选择绿色的飞行员人数明显占优势;对于非长显特有信息中的超限信息和不可攻击信息,选择红色的人数占优势;对于有潜在危险的信息,选择黄色的人数占优势。对每类显示元素选择各种颜色的飞行员人数均具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论在迎光飞行背景下,飞行员对平显的显示信息存在明显的彩色编码需求,但显示画面的主色调为绿色。长显正常信息和可攻击信息倾向于绿色编码;非长显特有信息中的超限信息和不可攻击信息倾向于红色编码,具有潜在危险意义的信息倾向于黄色编码。Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the color coding requirements of pilots for head up display(HUD)information in light facing flight,and to provide reference for the color display design of future HUD or other see-through displays.Methods 115 pilots participated in the study,and the experimental software was developed based on simulated light flying backgrounds for route flight and combat scenes.The pilots encoded various display elements with colors.The number of pilots who chose different colors was counted and difference was tested among them.Results Among the various display elements in the route flight and combat scenes,for most long time display information including normal information and attacked information,the number of pilots who chose green was significantly advantageous.For non long time display specific information that exceeded the limit or un-attacked information,the number of pilots who chose red was advantageous.For potentially dangerous information,the number of pilots who chose yellow was advantageous.The number of pilots who chose various colors for each type of display element was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion Under the background of light facing flight,pilots have a clear color coding requirement for the display information of HUD,but the main color of the display scenes is green.Long time display of normal information and attacked information tends to be encoded in green.The out of limit information and non-attacked information in non long time display tend to be encoded in red,while information with potential danger tends to be encoded in yellow.

关 键 词：航空交通工程 工业设计 人机交互 迎光飞行 平显信息 颜色编码 飞行员 界面 

分 类 号：R857.13[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]