山区公路线形及天气对驾驶人生理及行为特性影响  

Effects of Road Geometry and Weather on the Physiologicaland Behavioral Characteristics of Drivers in Mountainous Areas

作　　者：刘通 张中刚 刘唐志[1] 刘星良 何明浩 LIU Tong;ZHANG Zhong-gang;LIU Tang-zhi;LIU Xing-liang;HE Ming-hao(Department of Traffic and Transportation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学交通运输学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《人类工效学》2024年第4期6-11,共6页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52172341);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0519);重庆市英才计划技术创新与应用发展项目(CQYC2020030283);重庆市教委科技研究项目(KJQN202100719)。

摘　　要：目的探究山区公路线形与天气条件对不同熟练度驾驶人生理及行为特性的耦合影响。方法通过开展实车试验,采集20名驾驶人在山区公路驾驶过程中的生理及行为特性数据,以心率增长率和瞳孔面积变化率为生理指标,以速度均值和标准差为行为指标,分析不同熟练度驾驶人在山区公路不同线性及天气条件下的驾驶负荷变化规律,使用熵权TOPSIS法对驾驶负荷进行量化评价。结果降雨量、线形条件和熟练度对驾驶人生理变化和速度控制具有显著影响;此外,降雨和线形耦合作用下的驾驶负荷变化显著,非熟练驾驶人、大雨/中雨和回头曲线场景下的驾驶负荷相对较高,相对接近度均高于0.5。结论驾驶负荷与降雨量呈正相关关系,与熟练度呈负相关关系,回头曲线路段驾驶负荷高于直线段,研究结果可为山区公路安全预警防控及安全配套设施设置提供参考。Objective To explore the coupling effects of highway alignment and weather conditions on physiological and behavioral characteristics of drivers with different proficiency levels.Methods The physiological and behavioral characteristics data of 20 drivers during driving on mountain roads were collected through a real vehicle test.With the heart rate growth rate and the change rate of pupil area as physiological indicators and the mean and standard deviation of speed as behavioral indicators,the driving load variation rules of drivers with different proficiency on mountain roads under different linear and weather conditions were analyzed.The entropy weight TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the driving load quantitatively.Results Rainfall,linear conditions and proficiency have significant effects on driver physiological changes and speed control.In addition,the driving load changes significantly under the coupling effect of rainfall and linear,and the driving load under the scenarios of unskilled drivers,heavy rain/moderate rain and turning curve is relatively high,and the relative proximity is higher than 0.5.Conclusion The driving load is positively correlated with rainfall and negatively correlated with proficiency.The driving load of the turn-curve section is higher than that of the straight-line section.The research results can provide references for the early warning prevention and control of highway safety in mountainous areas and the setting of safety supporting facilities.

关 键 词：道路工程 交通安全 人因工程 山区公路 降雨天气 驾驶熟练度 回头曲线 生理及行为特性 驾驶负荷 驾驶人 

分 类 号：U491.254[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]