老年人移动触屏人机交互操作影响因素研究  

Research on the Influencing Factors of Human-machineInteraction of Mobile Touchscreen for Older Adults

作　　者：吴玉卓 牛莉霞[2] 陶达[1] WU Yu-zhuo;NIU Li-xia;TAO Da(Institute of Human Factors and Ergonomics,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China;College of Business Administration,Liaoning Technical University,Liaoning Huludao 125105,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学人因工程研究所,深圳518060 [2]辽宁工程技术大学工商管理学院,辽宁葫芦岛125105

出　　处：《人类工效学》2024年第4期12-19,共8页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72101161);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金资助项目(24050000694);深圳市基础研究面上项目(JCYJ20230808105219038)。

摘　　要：目的研究人机交互因素对老年人移动触屏交互操作绩效和用户感知的影响。方法采用组内组间混合设计的人因学实验,测试了40名受试者(老年和青年人各半)在三种键盘大小(半屏,3/4屏,全屏)、四种按键形状(正方形,0.618:1矩形,圆形,无形状)、两种手持姿势(单手操作,双手操作)及两种设备类型(智能手机,平板电脑)多因素交互下完成基础人机界面交互任务的操作绩效和用户体验感知水平。采用重复测量的方差分析处理实验数据。结果老年人操作绩效低于青年人操作绩效。随着键盘大小的增加,老年人操作绩效显著提高。全屏大小及双手操作下老年人操作绩效最佳。按键形状、手持姿势和设备类型对任务操作绩效和主观感知疲劳度有显著影响,键盘大小和按键形状、按键形状与手持姿势有显著交互作用。正方形按键获得最高用户偏好。结论实验结果为老年人移动触屏的界面设计和人机交互操作提供了参考依据。Objective To examine the influence of human-computer interaction factors on task performance and user perceptions of mobile touchscreen interaction among the elderly.Methods A mixed experimental design was employed in this study,where 40 participants(20 old adults and 20 young adults)were invited to complete basic character entry tasks with three keyboard sizes(half screen,3/4 screen,full screen),four key shapes(square,0.618:1 rectangle,round,shapeless),two hand-held postures(one-handed operation and two-handed operation)and two device types(smart phones).Repeated measure analysis of variance analyses were used for data analysis.Results The task performance was lower for old adults than that for young adults.With the increase of keyboard size,task performance for old adults significantly improved.Full-screen size and two-handed operation led to better task performance for old adults.Key shape,hand-held posture and device type had significant effects on task performance and subjective fatigue.Significant interaction effects existed among keyboard size,key shape and hand-held posture.Square button was mostly preferred by users.Conclusion Our study findings provide important reference for the interface design and human-computer interaction of mobile touchscreen for old adults.

关 键 词：产品设计 界面 老年人 移动触屏 人机交互 按键形状 手持姿势 智能手机 

分 类 号：F242[经济管理—劳动经济]