叶面喷施纳米铁对连作当归土壤养分、酶活性及产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Leaf Spraying Nano-Fe on Soil Nutrients,Enzyme Activities,Yield and Quality of Continuous Growing Angelica sinensis

作　　者：彭桐 唐湛文 杨涛[1,2] 王引权 沙洁 姚阳阳 孟令煜 PENG Tong;TANG Zhan-wen;YANG Tao;WANG Yin-quan;SHA Jie;YAO Yang-yang;MENG Ling-yu(Institute of Biology,Gansu Academy of Sciences,Gansu Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Development and Utilization Laboratory,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Pharmacy,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China;Northwest Chinese and Tibetan Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center,Cultivation Base of Gansu Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality and Standards,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省科学院生物研究所,甘肃省微生物资源开发利用重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃中医药大学药学院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]西北中藏药协同创新中心,甘肃省中药质量与标准研究重点实验室培育基地,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2024年第10期2432-2438,共7页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：甘肃省知识产权运用项目(22ZSCQ037);甘肃省科学院重点研发项目(2023ZDYF-01);西北中藏药协同创新中心基金项目(Xbzzy-2022-01)。

摘　　要：目的为解决在当归生产中滥用化肥和连作障碍等问题,研究纳米铁对当归土壤养分含量、酶活性以及当归产量和药效成分的影响,为其在当归种植中的合理应用提供依据。方法测定了当归根际土壤相关酶活性,根际土壤和根中养分含量,当归不定根数、芦头直径、芦头长、主根长和单株鲜重,药效成分含量。结果纳米铁在不同时期显著提高了当归根际土壤FDA水解酶、土壤脲酶、土壤蔗糖酶、土壤碱性蛋白酶活性,降低了土壤碱性磷酸酶活性。纳米铁处理土壤过氧化氢酶活性,在膨大生长末期(S2)明显升高,土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶活性在膨大生长旺盛期(S1)显著升高。纳米铁显著提高了不同时期土壤速效钾、铵态氮、硝态氮、全铁和根中蛋白、蔗糖、铵态氮和硝态氮含量,并显著增加了当归不定根数、芦头直径、芦头长、主根长、平均单株鲜重和药材中阿魏酸、阿魏酸松柏酯、洋川芎内酯A和Z-藁本内酯的含量。结论纳米铁通过调节土壤酶活性,促进根际土壤碳氮循环,改善土壤养分供应能力,提高当归土壤和根中养分含量,促进当归药材产量、品质的提升。Objective To solve the problems of abuse of chemical fertilizers and continuous cropping obstacles in Angelica sinensis production,the effects of nano-Fe on soil nutrient content,enzyme activity,yield and pharmacodynamic composition of Angelica sinensis were studied,so as to provide a basis for its rational application in Angelica sinensis cultivation.Methods The activities of related enzymes in A.sinensis rhizosphere soil,soil and root nutrient content,the number of adventitious roots,rhizosphere diameter,rhizosphere length,main root length and fresh weight per plant,and the content of pharmacodynamic components were determined.Results Nano-Fe significantly increased the activities of FDA hydrolase,soil urease,soil sucrase and soil alkaline protease in A.sinensis rhizosphere soil at different stages,and decreased the activity of soil alkaline phosphatase.The activity of soil catalase was significantly increased in the late stage of enlargement and growth(S2),and the activity of soilβ-glucosidase was significantly increased in the vigorous growth stage(S1).Nano-Fe significantly increased the contents of soil available potassium,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,total iron and protein,sucrose,ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in different stages,and significantly increased the number of adventitious roots,rhizosphere diameter,rhizosphere length,main root length,average fresh weight per plant and the contents of ferulic acid,coniferous ferulic acid,asiaticoside A and Z-swertia lactone in Angelica sinensis.Conclusion Nano-Fe can promote the rhizosphere soil carbon and nitrogen cycling by regulating soil enzyme activity,improve soil nutrient supply capacity,increase nutrient content in soil and root of A.sinensis,and promote the yield and quality of A.sinensis.

关 键 词：当归 纳米FE 土壤酶活 碳氮循环 养分 品质 

分 类 号：S567.9[农业科学—中草药栽培]