Synergy of gut microbiota and host genome in driving heterosis expression of chickens  

作　　者：Qiang Huang Chaoliang Wen Shuang Gu Yuchen Jie Guangqi Li Yiyuan Yan Chuanyao Tian Guiqin Wu Ning Yang 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China [2]National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,Ministy of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Bejing 100193,China [3]Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University,Hainan 572025,China [4]Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co.Ltd.,Beijing 101206,China

出　　处：《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》2024年第10期1121-1134,共14页遗传学报（英文版）

基　　金：This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1000204);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102535);the Key Research and Development Program of Hainan province(ZDYF2023XDNY036);the Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(GK AA23062049).

摘　　要：Heterosis has been widely utilized in agricultural production.Despite over a century of extensive research,the underlying mechanisms of heterosis remain elusive.Most hypotheses and research have focused on the genetic basis of heterosis.However,the potential role of gut microbiota in heterosis has been largely ignored.Here,we carefully design a crossbreeding experiment with two distinct broiler breeds and conduct 16S rRNA amplicon and transcriptome sequencing to investigate the synergistic role of gut microbiota and host genes in driving heterosis.We find that the breast muscle weight of hybrids exhibits a high heterosis,6.28%higher than the mid-parent value.A notable difference is observed in the composition and potential function of cecal microbiota between hybrids and their parents.Over 90%of differentially colonized microbiota and differentially expressed genes exhibit nonadditive patterns.Integrative analyses uncover associations between nonadditive genes and nonadditive microbiota,including a connection between the expression of cellular signaling pathways and metabolism-related genes and the abundance of Odor-ibacter,Oscillibacter,and Alistipes in hybrids.Moreover,higher abundances of these microbiota are related to better meat yield.In summary,these findings highlight the importance of gut microbiota in heterosis,serving as crucial factors that modulateheterosis expression in chickens.

关 键 词：BROILER Growth Meat yield HETEROSIS Cecal microbiota Gene expression Nonadditive 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]