红麻四倍体的诱导方法比较与鉴定  

Comparison and Identification of Tetraploid Induction Methods of Kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus L.)

作　　者：史盈盈 高泽昕 陈建华[1] 邓勇[1] 李建军[1] 唐慧娟[1] 潘根 栾明宝[1,2,3] SHI Yingying;CAO Zexin;CHEN Jianhua;DENG Yong;LI Jianjun;TANG Hujuan;PAN Cen;LUAN Mingbao(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410221,Hunan,China;National Nanfan Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sanya 572000,Hainan,China;National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land,Dongying 257300,Shandong,China;Shangqiu University,Shangqiu 476000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所,湖南长沙410221 [2]中国农业科学院三亚国家南繁研究院,海南三亚572000 [3]国家盐碱地综合利用技术创新中心,山东东营257300 [4]商丘学院,河南商丘476000

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2024年第5期267-274,共8页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：科技创新工程-基础研究-南繁育种中心-麻类作物专用品种繁育及种质创新项目(ZDXM2306);财政部和农业农村部:国家麻类产业技术体系资助(CARS-16)。

摘　　要：为获取四倍体红麻植株,研究以二倍体红麻(2n=2x=36)为试验材料,采用不同浓度的秋水仙素对红麻种子及幼苗生长点进行处理,并通过气孔鉴定、流式细胞术和染色体计数法对变异株进行观察及鉴定。结果表明:浸渍法的秋水仙素浓度为0.2%,处理24h,变异率为53.85%,成活率25.49%,诱导效果较佳;棉球覆盖法的秋水仙素浓度为0.4%,处理5d,变异率为15%,其诱导效果低于浸渍法。该研究创制了红麻新种质,为红麻多倍体育种的选育工作提供了参考。This study aimed to obtain tetraploid Hibiscus cannabinus L.(4n=4x=72)plants by treating diploid Hibiscus cannabinus L.(2n=2x=36)seeds and seedling apical meristems with different concentrations of colchicine.Variations were observed and identified through stomatal examination,flow cytometry,and chromosome counting.Results indicated that the immersion method with 0.2%colchicine concentration for 24 hours exhibited superior induction efficacy,with a variation rate of 53.85%and a survival rate of 25.49%.Conversely,the cotton ball covering method with 0.4%colchicine concentration for 5 days yielded a lower induction efficacy with a variation rate of 15%.This study has successfully developed novel germplasm of kenaf,providing valuable references for the breeding of kenaf polyploids.

关 键 词：红麻 秋水仙素 多倍体 

分 类 号：S563.5[农业科学—作物学]