小麦田禾本科杂草防治药剂筛选  

Screening of Weed Control Agents for Poaceae in Wheat Fields

作　　者：杨勤元 王栋 杨奇 张帆 张俊文[2] YANG Qinyuan;WANG Dong;YANG Qi;ZHANG Fan;ZHANG Junwen(Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center of Chencang District,Baoji,Shaanxi 721300,China;Baoji Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Baoji,Shaanxi 7210003,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省宝鸡市陈仓区农业技术推广服务中心,陕西宝鸡721300 [2]陕西省宝鸡市农业技术推广服务中心,陕西宝鸡7210003

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第10期48-51,72,共5页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以陕西省宝鸡市陈仓区为例,在对不同生境的麦田禾本科杂草发生种类调查基础上,开展用药时期及药剂防治试验。结果表明,陈仓区川道和塬区麦田的优势禾本科杂草为节节麦,丘陵和山区麦田优势杂草为野燕麦。冬前防除以3%甲基二磺隆可分散油悬浮剂30 mL/667 m^(2)与15%炔草酯微乳剂30 mL/667 m^(2)混用的效果最好,株防效达93.73%;春季防除以15%炔草酯30 mL/667 m^(2)、和5%唑啉草酯乳油60.0 mL/667 m^(2)效果较好,杂草防效分别为90.91%和85.46%。安全性调查显示,5种试验药剂在推荐剂量下对小麦均安全,应加强小麦田禾本科化学防除力度,冬前用药杂草防除效果明显优于春季施药,以期为小麦田禾本科杂草防治提供科学依据。To identify the dominant populations of Poaceae weeds in wheat fields and determine effective control agents,this study takes Chencang District of Baoji City,Shaanxi Province as an example.Based on an investigation of the occurrence of Poaceae weeds in different habitats,experiments were conducted to evaluate the application period and chemical control methods.The results showed that the dominant grass species in the wheat fields of the river valley and highland areas were Jiemai,while wild oats were predominant in the hills and mountainous areas.The best effect of pre-winter prevention and control was achieved by mixing 3%methyldisulfuron dispersible oil suspension with 15%acetylene ester microemulsion(30 mL/667 m^(2)).With a plant control efficacy of 93.73%,a plant control effect was achieved by mixing a 3%methyldisulfuron dispersible oil suspension with a 15%acetylene ester microemulsion(30 mL/mu),yielding a plant control efficacy of 93.73%;for spring applications,15%ethyne ethyl ester(30 mL/mu)and 5%imidacloprid ethyl ester(60.0 mL/667 m^(2))showed effective weed control with efficacies of 90.91%and 85.46%,respectively.The safety assessments confirmed that all five experimental pesticides are safe for wheat at the recommended dosage.The weed control effect of the pre-winter application is significantly more effective than the spring application.This study provides a scientific basis for weed control in wheat fields.

关 键 词：陈仓区 小麦种植 禾本科杂草 除草剂 防效 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]