一例牛冠状病毒引起犊牛急性腹泻的分子生物学诊断与治疗  

Molecular biology diagnosis and treatment of a case of acute diarrhea in calves caused by Bovine coronavirus

作　　者：聂江江 雷祖建 吴虹瑾 胡颖 邬向东[1] 吴欢生[1] NIE Jiangjiang;LEI Zujian;WU Hongjin;HU Ying;WU Xiangdong;WU Huansheng(Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Control of Livestock and Poultry Diseases,College of Animal Science and Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Province Yugan County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau,Yugan 335100,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学动物科学技术学院、江西省畜禽疾病诊断与防治重点实验室,南昌330045 [2]江西省余干县畜牧兽医局,江西余干335100

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2024年第20期81-85,128,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：江西省教育厅项目(GJJ190213);江西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310410054)。

摘　　要：2020年8月初,江西省宜春市某牛场4~5月龄犊牛暴发以急性腹泻、食欲减退并伴随便血为主要症状的传染性疾病,使用抗菌药物和驱虫药未能有效控制病情。为了确定腹泻的病原及其分子特征,试验无菌采集腹泻犊牛粪便样本,对牛冠状病毒(BCoV)、牛轮状病毒(BRoV)、口蹄疫(FMDV)病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)和牛流行热病毒(BEFV)5种常见导致牛腹泻的病原进行PCR检测,并对检测到的病原PCR产物进行序列分析,最后选用适宜的方案进行对症治疗,观察治疗效果。结果表明:腹泻犊牛粪便样本均检测出BCoV,其他病原均未检出。所测序列与BCoV N基因的核苷酸相似性在97.2%以上,将检出的病原命名为BCoV-JX。BCoV-JX株N基因的氨基酸序列与12株BCoV参考株的N基因氨基酸序列相似性均在98.9%及以上,其中与美国牦牛源分离株7-16-23、中国牦牛源分离株SWUN/A1/2018和我国奶牛源分离株DB2的N基因氨基酸序列相似性最高,均为99.8%。BCoV-JX株与美国牦牛源分离株7-16-23和我国牦牛源分离株SWUN/A1/2018处于同一分支上,亲缘关系较近。经补液、注射中药强心剂和抗菌药物,病牛逐渐康复,未见新增病例。说明导致该养牛场犊牛腹泻的病原为BCoV,该BCoV流行株可能由牦牛源BCoV变异而来。At the beginning of August 2020,an infections disease broke out in 4 to 5-month-old calves with acute diarrhea,loss of appetite,accompanied by bloody stool of the hind limbs as the main symptoms in a cattle farm in Yichun City,Jiangxi Province;and the use of antibacterial and deworming drugs failed to effectively control the disease.In order to determine the pathogen of diarrhea and its molecular characteristics,in the fest,aseptic collection of calf diarrhea fecal samples was carried out;PCR detection of five common pathogens causing bovine diarrhea was carried out:Bovine coronavirus(BCoV),Bovine rotavirus(BRoV),Foot-and-mouth disease virus(FMDV),Bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV)and Bovine ephemeral fever virus(BEFV).Sequence analysis of the detected pathogenic PCR products was performed.Finally,the appropriate program was selectedfor symptomatic treatment and observation ofthetreatment results.Theresults showed that BCoV was detected in all diarrheal stool samples,but no other pathogens were detected.The nucleotide similarity between the measured sequence and the BCoV N gene was more than 97.2%,and the detected pathogen was named BCoV-JX.The amino acid sequence of N gene of BCoV-JX strain was more than 98.9%similar to that of 12 BCoV reference strains,among which the amino acid sequence of N gene was the most similar to that of the United States yak isolate 7-16-23,the Chinese yak isolate SWUN/A1/2018 and Chinese dairy cow isolate DB2.The amino acid sequence similarities were 99.8%.The BCoV-JX strain was in the same clade as the United States yak isolate 7-16-23 and the Chinese yak isolate SWUN/A1/2018,with close relation.After rehydration,injection of Chinese herbal cardiotonic and antibacterial drugs,the sick cattle recovered gradually,and no new cases were found.These results indicated that the pathogen causing diarrhea in the calves of the cattle farm was BCoV,and the BCoV epidemic strain might have been mutated from the BCoV derived from yak.

关 键 词：犊牛 急性腹泻 牛冠状病毒 N基因 进化分析 变异 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]