行为诱导采食对乳鸽采食行为、体重、胃肠激素水平和血液生化指标的影响  

Effects of behavior induced feeding on feeding behaviour,body weight,gastrointestinal hormone levels and blood biochemical indices of squabs

作　　者：常玲玲[1] 张蕊[1] 汤青萍[1] 付胜勇[1] 穆春宇[1] 沈欣悦[1] 卜柱[1] CHANG Lingling;ZHANG Rui;TANG Qingping;FU Shengyong;MU Chunyu;SHEN Xinyue;BU Zhu(Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science,Yangzhou 225125,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省家禽科学研究所,江苏扬州225125

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2024年第20期110-116,123,共8页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(22)3042);江苏省“333高层次人才培养工程”补助资金项目;自治区科技支疆项目计划(指令性)项目(2022E02013);江苏省特色畜禽产业技术体系项目(JATS[2023]366)。

摘　　要：为了研究行为诱导采食对乳鸽采食行为、体重、胃肠激素水平和血液生化指标的影响,从而探讨行为诱导采食在乳鸽集约化饲养模式中的有效性和应用价值,试验将180只16日龄、体重300 g以上的健康白羽王鸽随机分为2组,分别为诱导组和对照组,每组3个重复,每个重复30只乳鸽,每10只乳鸽为一笼。对照组不进行行为诱导采食,正常饲喂至28日龄出栏,诱导组于乳鸽16~18日龄时每笼中放入1只可正常采食的30日龄乳鸽进行行为诱导采食,其他饲养模式与对照组均相同。试验期间观察乳鸽自主采食情况,分别于乳鸽16,19,22,25,28日龄清晨喂料前(禁食8 h)对两组进行称重并记录,并从两组每个重复中随机选择2只乳鸽翅下静脉采集血液,测定胃肠激素水平[血清中胆囊收缩素(CCK)、饥饿素(Ghrelin)质量浓度,以及胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)、酪酪肽(PYY)浓度]和血液生化指标[总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)质量浓度,葡萄糖(GLU)、尿素氮(BUN)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、肌酐(Cr)浓度及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、肌酸激酶(CK)活性]。结果表明:诱导组17日龄时即有乳鸽开始自主采食,而对照组直至18日龄才有乳鸽开始自主采食。诱导组22日龄自主采食乳鸽占比高达96.22%,其余3.78%的乳鸽因不会自主采食而死亡或被淘汰;而对照组22日龄自主采食乳鸽占比仅为86.67%,其余13.33%的乳鸽均因不会自主采食而死亡或被淘汰。两组16~19日龄乳鸽体重呈现下滑的趋势,19~28日龄逐渐攀升。诱导组后期体重增长速度较快,25~28日龄时诱导组平均体重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。诱导组19日龄乳鸽的Ghrelin质量浓度极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),CCK质量浓度和GLP-1浓度均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);诱导组22日龄乳鸽的GLP-1浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);诱导组25日龄Ghrelin和CCK质量浓度�In order to investigate the effects of behavior induced feeding on feeding behavior,body weight,gastrointestinal hormone levels and blood biochemical indices of squabs,and to explore the effectiveness and application value of behavior induced feeding in intensive feeding mode of squabs,18016-day-old healthy white-feathered royal pigeons weighing more than 300 g were randomly divided into 2 groups,the induction group and the control group,with 3 replicates in each group,30 squabs per replicate,and one cage for every 10 squabs.The control group did not undergo behavioral induction feeding and was fed normally until 28 days of age.In the induction group,one 30-day old squab with normal feeding was placed in each cage at 16 to 18 days of age for behavioral induction feeding.Other feeding patterns were the same as those in the control group.During the experiment,the autonomous feeding of squabs was observed.Before feeding in the morning(fasting for 8 h)at the age of 16,19,22,25 and 28 days of age,the two groups were weighed and recorded,and 2 subwing veins were randomly selected from each replicate of the two groups to collect blood.The levels of feeding related hormones(serum concentrations of cholecystokinin[CCK]and Ghrelin,as well as glucagon-like peptide-1[GLP-1]and casein[PYY])and blood biochemical indices(including total protein[TP],albumin[ALB]and globulin[CLB]and the concentration of glucose[GLU],urea nitrogen[BUN]total cholesterol[TC],triglyceride[TG],creatinine[Cr]and activity of alanine aminotransferase[ALT],aspartate aminotransferase[AST],alkaline phosphatase[ALP],creatine kinase[CK])were determined.The results showed that the squabs in the induction group began to feed autonomously at 17 days of age,while the squabs in the control group did not feed autonomously until 18 days of age.In the induction group,the proportion of independent feeding pigeons at 22 days of age was 96.22%,and the other 3.78%died or were eliminated because they could not feed autonomously.In the control group,the proportion of indep

关 键 词：乳鸽 行为诱导采食 采食行为 体重 胃肠激素 血液生化指标 

分 类 号：S836.5[农业科学—畜牧学]