"夫蛙为鹑":后石家河文化的正负形玉器  

"Toads Transforming into Quails":On Jade Ware of Positive and Negative Space Art Made in Post-Shijiahe Culture Period

作　　者：柴怡 崔天兴[2] CHAI Yi;CUI Tianxing

机构地区：[1]西安市文物保护考古研究院,陕西西安市710054 [2]郑州大学考古与文化遗产学院,河南郑州市450001

出　　处：《华夏考古》2024年第5期120-127,共8页Huaxia Archaeology

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目"晋南豫西地区史前社会控制和早期文明形成研究"(项目号:22BKGS001);"郑州大学中华文明根系研究"(项目号:XKZDJCC2006)的共同成果。

摘　　要：共生图形设计是新石器时代晚期出现的玉器工艺形式。距今4200~3900年的后石家河文化若干遗址出土了"虎座双鹰负形蛙"玉牌饰等共生图形玉器。这些玉器为圆形构图,正形系雕琢而成,负形为玉器的镂空部分。这些器物是"阴阳共生"的正负形设计理念的体现,是目前现存最早的正负形设计玉器,也是我国阴阳观念最早的艺术表现之一它们的出现将史前玉器造型设计推向了顶峰。相较于西方同类设计,后石家河文化的正负形设计理念早了近4000年。Patterns depicting symbiotic relationships appeared on jade ware made in the late Neolithic Age.Jade artefacts bearing patterns depicting symbiotic relationships,such as the jade pendant carved into two eagles sitting on a tiger head with negative toad,have been excavated from multiple sites of post-Shijiahe Culture period,which is 4,200 to 3,900 years ago.The discovered jade artefacts are round ones with a carved front and a hollowed back.They embody the concept of positive and negative space design,which echos the"symbiotic yin and yang",and are the earliest jade ware of this kind in existence as well as the earliest artistic creations representing the notion of yin and yang in China.Prehistoric jade ware design peaked because of these jade pendants.Compared with similar Western designs,the concept of positive and negative space design of post-Shijiahe Culture period is nearly 4,000years earlier.

关 键 词：后石家河文化 玉牌饰 阴阳共生图形 正负形 

分 类 号：K876.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]